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蔬菜是一种容易富集硝酸盐的作物，人体摄入的硝酸盐有８１．２％来自蔬菜，而硝酸盐是强致癌物——亚硝胺的前体物。硝酸盐在一定条件下可转变为亚硝酸盐，对人体有直接破坏血红蛋白中的Ｆｅ２＋等危害。为获高产，不合理地超量施用化学氮肥，使得蔬菜硝酸盐积累量剧增，品质退化。研究表明：筛选出氯化铵、硫酸铵两种氮肥品种，氮素施用剂量以３００ｋｇ／ｈｍ２为临界值；氮肥施用安全始期以施氮后８ｄ为宜；化学氮肥与有机肥料的厩肥、土杂肥配合施用，能有效控制和降低蔬菜硝酸盐的积累，减轻对人体健康危害，并提高蔬菜品质和出口创汇价值。
Vegetables are an easily nitrate-enriched crop. 81.2% of the nitrate ingested by humans is from vegetables, and nitrates are precursors of strong carcinogens, nitrosamines. Nitrate under certain conditions can be converted to nitrite, the human body has a direct impact on the hemoglobin in Fe2 + and other hazards. In order to obtain high yield and irrational over-application of chemical nitrogen fertilizer, the accumulation of nitrate in vegetables will increase rapidly and the quality will deteriorate. The results showed that ammonium chloride and ammonium sulfate were screened out, and the nitrogen application rate was set at a critical value of 300 kg / hm2. The safe period of nitrogen fertilizer application was suitable for 8 days after nitrogen application. The chemical fertilizer and manure manure, Fertilizer with the application, can effectively control and reduce the accumulation of nitrate in vegetables, reduce the harm to human health, and improve the quality of vegetables and export value.