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党的十二届三中全会通过的《关于经济体制改革的决定》指出;“社会主义企业之间的关系,首先是互相协作、互相支援的关系,但这种关系不排斥竞争.”这是基于对社会主义经济条件实事求是的科学分析,而得出的正确结论.它不仅为增强企业活力指明了方向,而且也丰富和发发展了马克思主义的政治经济学理论.长期以来,人们把竞争看成是资本主义的特有现象,因而否定和排斥社会主义企业之间的竞争.在这种观点的影响下,至今还有些同志对竞争理论表示怀疑,对竞争的后果表示担心.实际上,在社会主义制度下企业之间存在竞争,它既是客观的,也是必要的.这是由社会主义经济条件决定的.(一)竞争是商品经济的必然产物.只要有商品生产,就必然有竞争.这是因为:第一,竞争是商品经济的内在规律——价值规律得以贯彻的必要条件.我们知道,在商品经济中,每一种商品都由许多生产者经营.由于他们主客观条件的差别,生产同一商品的个别劳动时间是大不一样的.但商品的价值并不取决于个别劳动时间,而是取决于社会必要劳动时间,而社会必要劳动时间又是通过竞争实现的.正如恩格斯指出:“只有通过竞争的波动从而通过商品价格的波动,商品生产的价值规律才能得到贯彻,社会必要劳动时间
The “Decision on the Reform of the Economic Structure” adopted by the Third Plenary Session of the 12th Central Committee of the Party states: “The relations among socialist enterprises are, above all, the relations of mutual cooperation and mutual support but this relationship does not exclude competition.” This is Based on the scientific analysis of seeking truth from facts about the socialist economic conditions, came to the correct conclusion, which not only pointed out the direction for enhancing the vitality of enterprises, but also enriched and developed the Marxist theory of political economy. For a long time, As a peculiar phenomenon of capitalism, it denied and excluded competition among socialist enterprises, and so far some comrades have expressed doubts about the theory of competition and expressed concern about the consequences of competition. In fact, in the society There is competition between enterprises under the socialist system, which is both objective and necessary, which is determined by the conditions of the socialist economy. (1) Competition is an inevitable product of the commodity economy and there must be competition as long as it is produced. Because: First, the competition is the inherent law of the commodity economy - the necessary condition for the law of value to be implemented.We know that in the commodity economy, each Because of the difference between their subjective and objective conditions, the individual labor hours for producing the same commodity vary greatly, but the value of the commodity does not depend on the individual working hours but on the socially necessary working hours, And socially necessary labor time is achieved through competition.As Engels pointed out: "Only through the fluctuation of competition, through the fluctuation of commodity prices, the law of value of commodity production can be implemented, and social necessary labor time