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尽管对Parkinsonism(震颤麻痹,帕金森氏病)继续不断地进行研究,但对其基本机制的认识仍然很不完全。1817年,Parkinson提出本病的病灶见于颈髓和延髓。但是,事实上现在已知在脑内存在广泛的病灶,最特征性表现是黑质中含黑色素的细胞的消失。然而,黑质的这些病灶与本病症状之间的联系未明。1960年有人报告患者脑内纹状体中多巴胺显著缺乏。其后,已证实黑质细胞的轴突终止于纹状体。现在,已知多巴胺来源于黑质细胞轴突。换言之,多巴胺似乎是联系黑质与纹状体的神经递质。当多巴胺缺
Although Parkinsonism (Parkinsonism, Parkinson’s Disease) continues to be studied continuously, its understanding of its underlying mechanisms remains incomplete. In 1817, Parkinson proposed lesions of the disease found in the spinal cord and medulla. However, in fact it is now known that there are a wide range of lesions in the brain, the most characteristic of which is the disappearance of melanin-containing cells in the substantia nigra. However, the link between these lesions of the substantia nigra and the symptoms of the disease is unknown. In 1960, a significant lack of dopamine in the striatum of the brain was reported. Later, axons of substantia nigra cells have been shown to terminate in the striatum. Dopamine is now known to be derived from the axons of the substantia nigra. In other words, dopamine appears to be the neurotransmitter that links the substantia nigra with the striatum. When dopamine is missing