18世纪末,曾经傲视世界商界的广东十三行陷入空前的窘境。包括总商蔡世文在内,从公元1767年到公元1797年的30年间,已有义丰行、聚丰行、远来行、广源行、丰进行、泰和行、裕源行、广顺行、源泉行、吴昭平(洋行名不详)、而益行、源顺行、万和行等13家洋行破产,它们的老板或丧命,或发配新疆,从此永远在历史上消失了。 At the end of the 18th century, the Guangdong Thirteenth Bank, once once regarded as the world’s business community, was in an unprecedented dilemma. Including General Manager Cai Shiwen, from the year 1767 to the 30th year of AD 1797, there were Yifengxing, Jufengxing, Yuanlaixing, Guangyuanxing, Fengjiao, Taihexing, Yuyuanxing, Guangshunxing. , Yuan Yuanxing, Wu Zhaoping (the name of the foreign bank is unknown), and 13 foreign banks such as Yoshiyuki, Yuanshunxing, and Wanhexing went bankrupt. Their bosses either lost their lives or dispatched Xinjiang, and they have forever disappeared from history.