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目的:了解东莞市流感病毒感染流行情况。方法:采集疑似流感病人咽拭子分泌物,用荧光定量RT-PCR方法检测核酸。用MDCK细胞进行流感病毒分离,血凝试验阳性标本进行血凝抑制实验分型鉴定。结果:全年共检测2489份标本,哨点医院监测标本1235份,爆发疫情及临床住院病人标本1254份。共有667份标本用于分离培养季节性流感病毒,分离到134份季节性流感毒株,总分离阳性率为20.09%。其中季节性H1为36份,季节性H3为50份,B型48份。荧光定量RT-PCR方法共检测2081份标本,有911份阳性,其中新型H1N1为652份,季节性H1为63份,季节性H3为140份,B型56份。监测标本和疫情标本核酸检测阳性率分别为41.84%和43.70%,两者无显著性差异(χ2=0.008,P=0.931),但两者阳性标本中新型H1N1所占的百分率分别为54.82%和82.66%,之间有显著性差异(χ2=83.195,P<0.01)。结论:2009年季节性流感分离阳性率高过往年,最高月份达55%。10-12月流感感染中新型H1N1亚型占绝对优势,95%以上。爆发疫情及临床住院病人检测阳性标本中新型H1N1所占的百分率高于哨点医院监测标本。
Objective: To understand the prevalence of influenza virus infection in Dongguan City. Methods: Throat swab secretions from patients with suspected influenza were collected and nucleic acids were detected by real-time RT-PCR. MDCK cells were used for influenza virus isolation, hemagglutination test positive specimens for identification of hemagglutination inhibition experiments. Results: A total of 2489 samples were tested, 1235 sentinel hospital surveillance samples, and 1254 outbreaks and clinical inpatients were detected. A total of 667 specimens were used to isolate and culture seasonal influenza virus, 134 seasonal influenza strains were isolated, the total positive rate was 20.09%. Among them, seasonal H1 was 36, seasonal H3 was 50, and type B 48. A total of 2081 samples were detected by fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR, of which 911 were positive, of which 652 were novel H1N1, 63 were seasonal H1, 140 were seasonal H3 and 56 were type B. The positive rate of nucleic acid detection in surveillance specimens and epidemic specimens was 41.84% and 43.70%, respectively, with no significant difference (χ2 = 0.008, P = 0.931), but the percentage of novel H1N1 in positive specimens was 54.82% and 82.66%, there was a significant difference (χ2 = 83.195, P <0.01). Conclusion: The positive rate of seasonal influenza in 2009 was higher than in previous years, reaching 55% in the highest month. In the 10-12 months, the new H1N1 subtypes in influenza infection accounted for over 95% of the total. The percentage of novel H1N1 in the outbreak and clinical inpatient positive samples was higher than that in the sentinel hospital.