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英语写作能力是高中阶段学生综合运用语言能力的重要体现。然而,英语写作教学又是制约英语教学的瓶颈。多数老师采用“布置任务—学生写作—教师批改—集中讲解—展示佳作”的单一形式,对于学生来说,“写什么”和“怎么写”让他们无从下手。该怎样谋篇造句?怎样开头?怎样结尾?如何阐明观点?学生们感到无所适从,学生写得毫无兴趣,最后往往是胡编乱造,“中式英语”随处可见。面对这种情况,虽然“读写结合、多读多写”说得很容易,可事实上空洞无物,没有真正好的效果。笔者在多年的教学中总结了一些经验,现和大家一起探讨。
一、利用亮点句型,进行句型句式的模仿训练
写作常常是“始之以欣赏,继之以模仿,终之以创造”。笔者在实际英语教学过程中,充分发挥仿写的作用,利用课本和阅读教学中经典的英语句型,进行写作教学,用仿写去构建阅读和写作之间的桥梁,收到了较好的效果。句型句式的模仿训练是较普遍采用的一种形式,一个个经典的句型,成为学生习作中的“亮点”。例如:
(1)Nowadays,an increasing number of parents are willing to send their children abroad for further study, which has caused wide public concern. 此句型中画线部分就可以根据不同情况进行替换,如“越来越多的人们愿意买私家车”“越来越多的学生佩戴手机”等。其中后半句使用了非限制性定语从句,which的使用就是亮点。
(2)Not only should government measures be taken, but also everyone should do his bit for the protection of the environment.此句型中使用了not only…but also …引导的倒装结构,可谓亮点。此句型引导倒装的特点是前倒后不倒。其中画线部分可以用it代替。
(3)As far as I’m concerned,…文章结尾可以用来发表个人意见的很多,如in my opinion, just for me 等。显然此句型更好一些。
二、模仿相同体裁的文章,进行文章结构训练
相同体裁的文章,其结构特点有章可循。学生如果能够掌握这种文体的特点,把握建构篇章的能力,写出的文章自然就会胜人一筹。笔者以“正反观点”的文章为例:
近来,社会上一些食品价格上涨,你们学校食堂的饭菜也都涨价了,这件事在就餐的学生中引起了不同的反响,反对者有之,认可者亦有之。请你根据下表所列要点的提示,用英语客观报道大家不同的反应,并提出自己的看法。
表达自己的观点……
注意:1. 开头已经给出,不计入总词数;
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3. 词数:150左右。
An investigation has been made recently of there being a rise in our school meal prices. And different students have different opinions:
Some students are strongly against it. They think that the canteen’s purpose is to serve students and not to make profit.. At present the dish prices in the school canteen are very high, and as a result, some of the students skip breakfast just to save money, which may lead to poor health in a long run..
Others, however, are for it. For one thing, the price of food has increased nationwide. So accordingly, the canteen should raise the price to survive itself. What these students expect is that the food quality is not changed and the rising price will not be too high.
As far as I’m concerned, the rising price in the canteen menus can be understood.. But it must be taken into consideration that students don’t make money and can’t afford too high a price. So a reasonable price is needed to have a fair situation.
此种题材作文的特点是第一段简述现象,第二段陈述支持者的观点,第三段陈述反对者的观点,最后总结表达自己的观点。另外文章要加一些连接词使文章行文连贯,通顺自然。掌握这种模式,以后类似作文再写起来就得心应手了。
学生通过不同形式的模仿训练,能较快地熟悉不同语言风格、不同体裁、不同话题文章的基本写法,从而写起来有话可说,说出地道的英语,写出有条理、布满亮点的文章。慢慢的学生就找到了自信,从而想写、乐写,自然提高了写作水平。
(作者单位:江苏省海门市实验学校)
一、利用亮点句型,进行句型句式的模仿训练
写作常常是“始之以欣赏,继之以模仿,终之以创造”。笔者在实际英语教学过程中,充分发挥仿写的作用,利用课本和阅读教学中经典的英语句型,进行写作教学,用仿写去构建阅读和写作之间的桥梁,收到了较好的效果。句型句式的模仿训练是较普遍采用的一种形式,一个个经典的句型,成为学生习作中的“亮点”。例如:
(1)Nowadays,an increasing number of parents are willing to send their children abroad for further study, which has caused wide public concern. 此句型中画线部分就可以根据不同情况进行替换,如“越来越多的人们愿意买私家车”“越来越多的学生佩戴手机”等。其中后半句使用了非限制性定语从句,which的使用就是亮点。
(2)Not only should government measures be taken, but also everyone should do his bit for the protection of the environment.此句型中使用了not only…but also …引导的倒装结构,可谓亮点。此句型引导倒装的特点是前倒后不倒。其中画线部分可以用it代替。
(3)As far as I’m concerned,…文章结尾可以用来发表个人意见的很多,如in my opinion, just for me 等。显然此句型更好一些。
二、模仿相同体裁的文章,进行文章结构训练
相同体裁的文章,其结构特点有章可循。学生如果能够掌握这种文体的特点,把握建构篇章的能力,写出的文章自然就会胜人一筹。笔者以“正反观点”的文章为例:
近来,社会上一些食品价格上涨,你们学校食堂的饭菜也都涨价了,这件事在就餐的学生中引起了不同的反响,反对者有之,认可者亦有之。请你根据下表所列要点的提示,用英语客观报道大家不同的反应,并提出自己的看法。
表达自己的观点……
注意:1. 开头已经给出,不计入总词数;
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3. 词数:150左右。
An investigation has been made recently of there being a rise in our school meal prices. And different students have different opinions:
Some students are strongly against it. They think that the canteen’s purpose is to serve students and not to make profit.. At present the dish prices in the school canteen are very high, and as a result, some of the students skip breakfast just to save money, which may lead to poor health in a long run..
Others, however, are for it. For one thing, the price of food has increased nationwide. So accordingly, the canteen should raise the price to survive itself. What these students expect is that the food quality is not changed and the rising price will not be too high.
As far as I’m concerned, the rising price in the canteen menus can be understood.. But it must be taken into consideration that students don’t make money and can’t afford too high a price. So a reasonable price is needed to have a fair situation.
此种题材作文的特点是第一段简述现象,第二段陈述支持者的观点,第三段陈述反对者的观点,最后总结表达自己的观点。另外文章要加一些连接词使文章行文连贯,通顺自然。掌握这种模式,以后类似作文再写起来就得心应手了。
学生通过不同形式的模仿训练,能较快地熟悉不同语言风格、不同体裁、不同话题文章的基本写法,从而写起来有话可说,说出地道的英语,写出有条理、布满亮点的文章。慢慢的学生就找到了自信,从而想写、乐写,自然提高了写作水平。
(作者单位:江苏省海门市实验学校)