纵观世界文化发展史,古代中西方的科学技术有两峰对峙的局面。中国和希腊都曾达到古代世界科学技术发展水平的高峰。5世纪后,西方在基督教神权统治下,科学技术的发展缓慢了,中国超过了西方。从14世纪后经文艺复兴、启蒙运动到19世纪近400年期间,西方科学技术获得了迅速发展,西方超过中国。从中西两峰对峙到中国超过西方,再到西方超过中国,其原因值得探讨。 Throughout the history of world cultural development, science and technology in ancient China and the West enjoyed a two-state confrontation. Both China and Greece have reached the peak of the development of science and technology in the ancient world. After the 5th century, under the rule of the Christian theocracy in the West, the development of science and technology was slow and China surpassed the West. From the late 14th century through the Renaissance and Enlightenment to the nearly 400th century in the 19th century, Western science and technology gained rapid development while the West surpassed China. The reason why it is worth discussing from the standpoint of the confrontation between China and the West until China surpasses the West and then the West over China.