书面表达常见错误剖析

来源 :考试与评价·八年级版 | 被引量 : 0次 | 上传用户:q2101369
下载到本地 , 更方便阅读
声明 : 本文档内容版权归属内容提供方 , 如果您对本文有版权争议 , 可与客服联系进行内容授权或下架
论文部分内容阅读
  一、动词错误多
  1. 时态误用
  一般来说,根据写作要求考生能够非常清楚地知道该用什么时态,但时态错误是考生写作时普遍存在的问题。
  【典型错句】 One afternoon some boys played football on the playground. Suddenly one of them fall over and hurt his leg.
  【剖析】这段很显然是叙述过去发生的事,故文中的动词要用过去的某种时态,划线的部分按其语境应改为were playing; fell。
  2. 语态错误
  汉语在表达时用主动形式较多,学生往往在该用被动语态的地方用了主动语态。
  【典型错句】 There are many tall buildings in the city. Many squares and green lands build for people to rest.
  【剖析】 要记清各种被动语态的构成及其用法。文中划线的部分应改为have been built。
  3. 词形错误
  英语动词有各种复杂的词形变化。动词有过去式、过去分词、现在分词、第三人称单数形式。由于忽略了这些变化,许多同学在写句子时屡屡出现词形错误。
  【典型错句】 Lucy Green is a student. She work very hard at school.
  【剖析】本句用一般现在时来叙述Lucy Green的爱好,文中划线的部分应改为works。
  4. 词性错误
  ① 及物动词与不及物动词的混用
  英语中动词有及物与不及物之分。及物动词后须跟宾语,可用被动语态;而不及物动词在使用时没有宾语,也不能用被动语态。
  【典型错句】 Just then, a young man entered into the room. When he knew what had been happened, he gave us some help.
  【剖析】 enter本身为及物动词,相当于go / come into,后面不需再用into;happen为不及物动词,不能用于被动语态,应把been去掉。
  ② 实义动词与系动词之间的误用
  【典型错句】 They kept busily the whole afternoon. They were quite tired but they all felt happily.
  【剖析】句中的kept和felt都用作系动词,后面应分别跟busy和happy作它们的表语。
  ③ 瞬间动词与延续性动词的混用
  【典型错句】 Mary lent me a book and told me that I could borrow it for three weeks.
  【剖析】 borrow为瞬间动词,不能和表示一段的时间状语连用,应将borrow改为keep。
  ④ 非谓语动词的错误
  【典型错句】 He likes make friends and they always enjoy play football. After work hard for a week, he wants stay at home and watch TV.
  【剖析】 英语中,两个实义动词不能紧接使用,或用并列连词连接,或后面动词用非谓语形式。有些及物动词(短语)后面只能跟动词V-ing形式作其宾语;有的只能跟动词不定式;还有的既可接动词不定式,也可接动词V-ing形式。学习时要注意积累、比较和记忆。另外,还要知道英语中的介词后要接名词、动词V-ing等。句中划线部分应分别改为making; playing; working和to stay。
  二、母语干扰强
  1. “缺头少腿”类
  ① 缺主语
  【典型错句】 Yesterday planted a lot of trees on the hill. When we got home, was already six oclock.
  【剖析】 除祈使句外,一般情况下,英语句子都要有主语。划线部分前应分别加上主语we和it。
  ② 缺谓语
  【典型错句】 My school not far from my home.
  【剖析】一个完整的句子应该有谓语动词。划线部分应改为is not far from。
  ③ 缺连词
  【典型错句】 Mother bought me an MP3 player, I like it very much.
  【剖析】 英语中连词and用得较多,但在汉语中却很少用。应改为:Mother bought me an MP3 player, and I like it very much.
  2. “画蛇添足”类
  【典型错句】 My brother has just returned back from the USA.
  【剖析】划线部分应改为come back或把back去掉。
  3. “张冠李戴”类
  ① 误用主语
  【典型错句】 My mother is a doctor. Her work is very busy.
  【剖析】 这是典型的汉语式英语,应改为She is very busy with her work. / She is very busy.。
  ② 誤用谓语
  【典型错句】 Some of us for the plan, but some of us against the plan.
  【剖析】 for“同意”和against“反对”是介词,应在它们前加are。
  ③ 误用宾语
  【典型错句】 Sally is my good friend. I often hear from her letter.
  【剖析】 英语中,表示“收到某人的来信”,要说hear from sb. / get a letter from sb. / receive a letter from sb. 等句型,而不能说hear from her letter,本句要把letter去掉。
  ④ 误用表语
  【典型错句】 I think the price of your car is very expensive.
  【剖析】 英语中,表示“价格的高(低)”,要用high / low,而不能用expensive / cheap,本句要用high。
  ⑤ 修饰错误
  【典型错句】 I have new something to tell you.
  【剖析】修饰不定代词的定语应放在后面,应改为something new。
  ⑥ 误用介词
  【典型错句】 Today, we worked in the farm, After work, we had a good rest under the sun.
  【剖析】介词是英语学习中的一大难点,学习时必须记住一些介词的固定搭配和用法。如本句中的in要改为on,under要改为in等。
  以上对学生在习作中容易出现的一些错误作了简单的分类归纳。要真正提高自己的写作水平,在考试中得高分,还需要同学们平时勤学苦练,多记、多背常见短语与句式,应严格按照简单句的五种句型来写句,这样才能达到预期的效果。
其他文献
A  閱读下面的短文,从A、B、C、D中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳答案。  Most American families are smaller than the families in other countries. Most American families have one or two (1)____ and one or two children each.  Children in
期刊
Ice and Snow  Ice and snow is everywhere in Greenland1. The ice cap2—up to three kilometers thick—covers an area 14 times the size of England, and there are many icebergs3 in the water around Greenlan
期刊
Triangles
期刊
一、按要求完成下列句子,每空一词。  1. You should see a dentist. (对划线部分提问)  ____________ ____________ I ____________?  2. Could you please pass the glass to me? (作肯定回答)  ____________, ____________.  3. Cathy was drawi
期刊
音的长度、音的重音、音的高低是英语语音最重要的三个组成部分,其中又以音的重音为核心。而汉语中的字都是单音节的,以四个声调加以辨别,并不以音的轻重区分。受到汉语发音的影响,多数人容易把英语单词的每一个音节都读得一样长、一样重和一样高,从而失去了英语所特有的抑扬顿挫、错落有致的节奏感。  单词重音、句子重音以及短语重音,是英语语音学习的重点,对掌握好节奏和语调有极其重要的作用,必须对这三个概念、读法、
期刊
Rohit and Sahil were two woodcutters in a village. Every morning they went to cut wood and sold it. They both could make enough to live. A story happened to them recently.  One day while they were tak
期刊
Once a traveler passed by a forest. It was a hot afternoon and he felt very tired. After a while he sat under a tree to rest. He felt very comfortable about the shade of the tree.  While resting, he s
期刊
Jack is going to take care of his Auntie Margaret’s flat while she is on holiday. She needs someone to come by and feed her cat and her parrot.  When he arrives, he finds a long note on the doormat. R
期刊
I. 根據句子意思,用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。  1. We feel sorry that chen Yifei, a famous  ________(paint), died when he was fifty-   nine.  2. This is my dictionary. Where is ________   (you)?  3. Please make a ________
期刊
1. wood n. 木头;木材  wood是不可数名词,用piece表达数量。  He made a house with pieces of wood. 他用几块木头搭成了一间小屋。  【拓展】 wood作可数名词时,意为“森林;树林”。  We went for a walk in the woods. 我们去森林中散步。  2. match n. 火柴  Don't let your ch
期刊