(一)概述 炮孔用手工填塞的劳动强度大、效率低、工作条件恶劣、经济效益差,在大型露天矿山尤其如此。炮孔手工填塞时间一般占总爆破作业时间的50％,这与采、装、运机械化程度相比很不相称。 七十年代以来,美国、苏联、加拿大等国,都在为实现炮孔填塞机械化作努力。苏联采用8～15吨级的汽车底盘装备成炮孔填塞车,车内装上粒度为10毫米以下的废石 (A) Overview Grit hole with manual labor-intensive, low efficiency, poor working conditions, poor economic efficiency, especially in large open-pit mines. The manual hole filling time generally accounts for 50% of the total blasting operation time, which is not commensurate with the mechanization of mining, loading and transporting. Since the 1970s, the United States, the Soviet Union, Canada and other countries are making efforts to realize the mechanization of blasting. The Soviet Union with 8 to 15-ton car chassis equipped with a hole-filling truck, the car fitted with a particle size of 10 mm below the waste rock