新生儿呼吸衰竭是一种危重症,可由多种原因诱发,并有高发病率、高死亡率。目前随着医学的不断发展,呼吸机的广泛应用,机械通气抢救呼吸衰竭新生儿的成功率大大提高,但肺部继发感染问题随之而来,直接危及到患儿生命。文献报道,气管插管和机械通气使肺炎的发生率增加4～21倍,10％～65％的机械通气病人可发生呼吸机相关性肺炎(ventilator-associated pneumonia,VAP),VAP的死亡率为37.2％,而没有VAP的机 Neonatal respiratory failure is a critically ill condition that can be induced by a variety of causes, with high morbidity and mortality. At present, with the continuous development of medicine and the extensive application of ventilator, the success rate of mechanical ventilation in rescuing neonates with respiratory failure greatly increases. However, the problem of secondary pulmonary infection subsequently comes to directly endanger the life of children. Reported in the literature, tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation increased the incidence of pneumonia 4 to 21 times, 10% to 65% of patients with mechanical ventilation can occur ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), VAP mortality was 37.2%, but no VAP machine