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在长距离输水管路出口设置溢流堰可以有效控制水击和防止管路脱空。为了分析该结构在非恒定流情况下的工作特性,设计水力模型试验对突然断水情况的水流特性进行观察测试,通过测试结果建立优化设计的方法和准则。试验表明:长管道水体的惯性力作用可能引起衔接池的水位跌落和波动,从而导致管路进气和水流拍打管口,通过增加溢流堰的高度或扩大衔接池的面积可以避免这一现象。
The overflow weir at the outlet of long-distance water pipeline can effectively control the water hammer and prevent the pipeline from emptying. In order to analyze the working characteristics of the structure under unsteady flow conditions, a hydraulic model test was designed to observe and test the water flow characteristics in the event of a sudden water breakthrough. The optimized design methods and criteria were established through the test results. The experiment shows that the inertial force of the long-pipe water body may cause the water level of the connection pool to fall and fluctuate, which causes the pipeline inlet air and water flow to swirl the nozzle. This phenomenon can be avoided by increasing the height of the weir or expanding the area of the connection pool .