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公布法律是立法的最后一道程序,也是完成立法的必经程序。但实践中,这道程序往往容易被忽视,影响立法的权威性和严肃性,并给法律实施带来不必要的麻烦和问题。下面就法律公布的几个问题谈点看法。一、法律为何要公布?法律是规范人们行为的准则,当它不为人知时,就无法发挥其应有的作用。“制定有效法律的一个重要步骤,就是必须把法律向人民公布,让他们知道他们要受那项法律的约束。显而易见,如果国家要人民对其行为负责,但事前不让他们知道这是非法行为,那就有欠公允。”(见美国学者津恩《美国如何制定法律》第53页)国外大多数国家的宪法和法律对公布法律作了规定,如萄萄牙宪法一百四十一条规定,法律、法令或条例以及政府命令,未经总统颁布或签署,在法律上均属无效。我国也是
The promulgation of laws is the last procedure of legislation and the necessary procedure for the completion of legislation. However, in practice, this procedure is often easily overlooked, affecting the authority and seriousness of the legislation and causing unnecessary troubles and problems to law enforcement. Here’s a few comments on the legal issues. First, why the law should be published? Law is the norm to regulate people’s behavior, when it is unknown, it can not play its due role. “An important step toward developing effective laws is to make the law public to people that they are bound by that law.It is clear that if the country wants the people to be responsible for their actions but does not let them know beforehand that they are illegal Behavior ”is not fair. “ (See the American scholar Zinn, ”How the United States enacts laws", p. 53) The constitutions and laws of most foreign countries provide for the enactment of laws such as the one hundred and forty A provision that laws, ordinances or ordinances, and government orders, are not legally valid unless promulgated or signed by the president. China is also