思想政治课的教学改革如何取得实效?从长期的改革实践中我们悟出;要真正提高教学实效,不仅要重视教法研究,而且要重视学法研究。陶行知先生说得好:“教学的本质是学习”,“先生责任不在教”,“不是教书,不是教学生,而是教学生学”。可见,研究学法,不只是让学生学懂、学会了事,更重要的是让学生会学。 一、教学生“会读书”。 读书是由多种心理因素组成的复杂的智力活动。教学生读书目的在于引导学生通过自己读书,把握课文的大体知识结构和基本知识点。 “会读”实质上是一种能力转化为读书的方法的技巧,它的前提和基础应是通读和读懂。所谓“通读”,就是学生根据教师列出的提纲,阅读相关的实例材料和指定的课文段落,了解大意,增强感性认识,形成朦胧印象。通读以整体推进,它反映的只是实例与课文内容之间的表面现象和外部联系,属于读书的初级阶段。所谓“读懂”,是根据通读的感知印象,对重要的观点、原理再进行重点的、理解性的阅读。属于读书的中级阶级。 学生光停留在通读、读懂上还不够,还应该上升到“会读”境地——读书的高级阶段。学生读书的方法越科学、技巧性越强,越能在最短的时间掌握知识的要领,学习的效率就越高;反之,学习效率就越低。 How to achieve practical results in the teaching reform of ideological and political lessons? We understand from the long-term reform practice; To truly improve the effectiveness of teaching, we must not only pay attention to the teaching method, but also pay attention to the study of the law. Mr. Tao Xingzhi said it well: “The essence of teaching is learning,” “Mr. responsibility is not taught,” and “not teaching, not teaching students, but teaching and learning.” It can be seen that the study method is not only for students to understand and learn, but more importantly for students to learn. First, teaching students “will study.” Reading is a complex intellectual activity composed of a variety of psychological factors. The purpose of teaching students to read books is to guide students to read through themselves and to grasp the general knowledge structure and basic knowledge of the text. “Reading” is essentially a technique for transforming abilities into reading methods. Its premise and foundation should be through reading and reading. The so-called “reading through” means that students read relevant example materials and designated passages according to the outlines listed by the teachers, understand the general idea, enhance the perceptual knowledge, and form a deaf impression. Reading through to promote the whole, it reflects only the surface phenomenon and external links between the instance and the text content, belonging to the primary stage of reading. The so-called “reading and understanding” is based on the perceptual impression of reading, and focuses on important viewpoints and principles, as well as comprehensible reading. The middle class belongs to reading. It is not enough for students to stay in reading and reading. It should also rise to the level of “reading”—the advanced stage of reading. The more scientific and more skillful the students are to study, the more they can grasp the essentials of knowledge in the shortest time, and the higher the efficiency of learning; on the contrary, the lower the learning efficiency.