社区感指社区成员之间及其同团体之间的相互影响与归属感。其中既有对自己社区身份的确认,也带有个体的感情色彩,主要包括对社区的投入、喜爱和依恋等情感。国外学者对社区感进行了半个世纪的研究,已经取得了一些研究成果,包括社区感与居民生活满意度的关系。社区感的缺失会对居民的心理健康、自尊和幸福感等各方面造成影响,比如,会降低居民的心理健康水平、自尊以及幸福感,也会增加居民的孤独感。城市居民社区感的影响因素包括个人因素和社区因素两大类。前者包括性别、年龄及抚养孩子数;后者包括社区环境、社区规模和邻里关系。不断完善社区环境建设,参加社区活动,加强邻里互动,加强社区工作人员的心理学训练等有助于提高社区居民的社区感水平。 Community refers to the interaction and sense of belonging among community members and their groups. Among them, not only the identification of their own community identity, but also with the individual’s emotional color, including the community’s input, love and attachment and other emotions. Foreign scholars have studied the sense of community for half a century, and have made some achievements, including the relationship between community feeling and the life satisfaction of residents. The absence of a sense of community will affect residents ’mental health, self-esteem and happiness. For example, they will reduce the residents’ mental health, self-esteem and happiness, and increase their sense of loneliness. Influential factors of urban residents’ community feeling include two kinds of personal factors and community factors. The former includes gender, age and number of children raised; the latter includes community environment, community size and neighborhood relationship. Continuously improving the community environment, participating in community activities, strengthening neighborhood interaction and strengthening psychology training of community workers will help improve the sense of community among community residents.