前言1981年在西安市新城区进行了以家庭为基本单位的1,064名已婚育龄妇女定群调查(cohort study)。样本采用分阶段机械随机抽样,第一阶段抽取五个街道办事处,第二阶段按已婚育龄妇女名册抽取五十分之一的妇女。弃去50岁与不合格卡片11张,共有合格的已婚育龄妇女1051名。调查系用直接询问法。调查时间由1981年8月1日至8月5日完成。调查 Foreword In 1981, a cohort study of 1,064 married women of childbearing age in the family-based unit was conducted in Xincheng District of Xi’an. The samples were collected by phased mechanical random sampling. In the first phase, five sub-district offices were selected. In the second phase, one-fifth of women were selected according to the roster of married women of childbearing age. Abandoning the 50-year-old and 11 unqualified cards, a total of 1,051 qualified married women of child-bearing age. The survey used direct questioning. The investigation time was completed from August 1 to August 5, 1981. survey