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作为一种新型的非金属有机催化剂,空间受阻型路易斯酸碱对由于具有的独特化学反应性,近年来在有机小分子活化和催化加氢领域的研究非常活跃。本文总结了近年来国外发表的有关空间受阻型路易斯酸碱对的研究报道,从其结构特征、有机小分子的活化、H2活化机理的探讨及在催化领域应用的研究成果4个方面进行了详细的归纳整理。空间受阻型路易斯酸碱对对有机小分子的活化作用来源于其“分子间静电相互作用力”。这个在有机化学中早已熟知的概念却在2006年才被发现可活化有机小分子,并在之后受到广泛的关注。空间受阻型路易斯酸碱对化学的发展也扩展了有机化学反应研究的范畴,继续深入研究这种“分子间静电相互作用力”在其他未知领域的应用必将带来更大的发现。然而目前国内从事相关领域研究的报道很少,因此希望本文能够引起国内更多科研工作者对这个新兴领域产生研究兴趣。
As a new type of nonmetallic organic catalyst, space-hindered Lewis acid-base has been very active in the field of organic small molecule activation and catalytic hydrogenation due to its unique chemical reactivity. This article summarizes the published reports about the obstructed Lewis acid-base pairs published in foreign countries in recent years. The structure characteristics, the activation of small organic molecules, the mechanism of H2 activation and the research results in the field of catalysis are summarized in detail The induction finishing. The space-hindered Lewis acid-base activation of small organic molecules comes from their “intermolecular electrostatic interaction force.” This concept, already well known in organic chemistry, was discovered only in 2006 as an activator of small organic molecules and has since attracted widespread attention. Space-hindered Lewis acid-base chemistry also expands the scope of organic chemistry research, and further research into this “intermolecular electrostatic interaction force” is bound to lead to greater discovery in other areas of unknown use. However, there are few reports on domestic research in related fields at present. Therefore, I hope this article can arouse more domestic researchers to produce research interest in this emerging field.