天人合一作为我国传统思想的一大特色,对我国古代人类活动影响极深。古人认为,人类生活于天地之中,活动应随季节的不断变化而变化。战国秦汉时期,不少人对此进行过理论上的探讨,并在探讨过程中,根据五行之理制定出一套严格的四时教令。本文在广泛搜集有关文献资料的基础上,系统地考述了当时的探讨过程,并引用西汉史学家司马谈《论六家之要旨》的说法,对其得失作了简要的评论。 The unity of man and nature, as one of the characteristics of our traditional thinking, has a profound impact on ancient human activities in our country. The ancients believed that human beings live in the world and their activities should change with the changing seasons. During the Warring States and the Qin and Han Dynasties, many people conducted a theoretical discussion on this subject. In the course of the discussion, a set of strict four-hour edict was formulated according to the principle of the Five Elements. On the basis of extensive collection of relevant documents and materials, this paper systematically examines the discussion process at that time and makes a brief comment on its gains and losses by citing the comment made by the Western Han historian Sima on the “Essentials of Six.”