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在不同工况下,对扣件的橡胶部件进行动态特性试验,得到简谐位移激励下扣件的力-位移曲线。通过试验曲线计算橡胶部件相应的动刚度、阻尼等动态特性参数。试验结果表明,在钢轨扣件工作的振幅和频率范围内,振幅对扣件橡胶部件的动态特性影响较为显著,频率次之。为了预测钢轨扣件橡胶部件复杂的力学特性,建立了适用于扣件系统的三力叠加模型,并采用最小二乘法对该模型的参数进行了识别。在此基础上,比较了特定工况下钢轨扣件橡胶部件的力-位移关系和理论模型。研究结果表明:该模型能够较好地吻合试验数据,并能反映扣件橡胶部件的幅值相关性和频率相关性。
Under different operating conditions, the rubber parts of the fastener were tested for dynamic characteristics, and the force-displacement curve of the fastener under the harmonic displacement excitation was obtained. Through the test curve to calculate the corresponding dynamic stiffness of rubber parts, damping and other dynamic characteristics of the parameters. The experimental results show that the amplitude has a significant influence on the dynamic characteristics of the fastener rubber parts in the amplitude and frequency range of the work of the fastener. In order to predict the complex mechanical properties of the rail fastener rubber parts, a three-force superposition model suitable for fastener system was established and the parameters of the model were identified by the least-squares method. On this basis, the force-displacement relationship and theoretical model of the rail fastener rubber parts under specific operating conditions were compared. The results show that the model can fit the experimental data well and reflect the amplitude dependence and frequency dependence of the rubber components.