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目的:了解温州市鹿城区居民健康素养现状及影响因素,为开展相关健康促进与教育工作提供依据。方法:通过多阶段随机抽样方法,对鹿城区440名居民进行问卷调查。结果:鹿城区居民具备健康素养的总体水平为17.05%,具备基本知识和理念的占26.14%,具备健康生活方式与行为的占8.41%,具备基本技能素养的占34.77%。从五类健康问题素养分析,具备科学健康观、传染病预防、慢性病预防、安全与急救及基本医疗素养的占比分别是44.32%、32.05%、17.27%、50.91%和48.64%。不同年龄段居民的总体健康素养水平存在差异(χ2=11.98,P<0.05),文化程度与家庭收入较高的健康素养水平也相对越高。结论:鹿城区居民总体健康素养虽有一定基础,但水平偏低,应针对健康素养中掌握较低的部分,重点开展健康促进与健康教育。
Objective: To understand the status quo and influential factors of health literacy among residents in Lucheng District of Wenzhou City, and to provide basis for related health promotion and education. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted on 440 residents in Lucheng District through a multi-stage random sampling method. Results: The overall level of health literacy of residents in Lucheng district was 17.05%, accounting for 26.14% with basic knowledge and philosophy, 8.41% with healthy life style and behavior, and 34.77% with basic skills. From the analysis of five types of health literacy, the proportions of having scientific health outlook, prevention of infectious diseases, prevention of chronic diseases, safety and first aid and basic medical literacy were 44.32%, 32.05%, 17.27%, 50.91% and 48.64% respectively. Residents of different age groups had different levels of overall health literacy (χ2 = 11.98, P <0.05), and health literacy levels with higher educational level and family income were also higher. Conclusion: Although Lucheng residents overall health literacy has some foundation, but the level is low, health literacy should grasp the lower part, focusing on health promotion and health education.