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目的分析我市病残儿鉴定中智力低下儿童的智力测试结果和可能病因,为其父母再生育提供优生优育指导。方法参加病残儿鉴定的儿童需进行智力测试,并提供其他临床资料(病史、症状和体征、实验室检查等);调查其父母的职业接触、母亲妊娠年龄、围生史、围产史、家族史等。结果 1参加鉴定的智力低下儿童243例(轻度智力低下91例(37.45%),中度智力低下55例(22.63%),重度智力低下70例(28.81%),极重度智力低下27例(11.11%),占所有参加病残儿鉴定的比例为21.45%;2申请鉴定的智力低下患儿母亲年龄构成比最高的是25岁~30岁组;申请鉴定的智力低下患儿的父、母亲职业前三位为自由职业、农民、职员;3患儿母亲中产检异常比例为7.82%,孕期合并疾病比例为3.70%,孕期曾使用药物比例为8.23%;4243患儿中早产13例,有缺氧/窒息病18例,有感染史9例。常见合并的疾病是运动发育迟滞、染色体异常、脑瘫、癫痫、儿童孤独症等。结论智力低下是广州市儿童的最常见致残原因,对智力低下患儿家庭进行优生咨询和再生育指导很有必要。
Objective To analyze the intelligence test results and possible causes of children with mental retardation in the identification of disabled children in our city and provide guidance on the eugenics and fertility for their parents’ Methods Children who participated in the identification of disabled children need to be tested for intelligence and provide other clinical information (history, symptoms and signs, laboratory tests, etc.); investigate their parents’ occupational exposure, mother’s gestational age, perinatal history, perinatal history, Family history and so on. Results A total of 243 children with mental retardation (mild mental retardation in 91 cases (37.45%), moderate mental retardation in 55 cases (22.63%), severe mental retardation in 70 cases (28.81%), and severe mental retardation in 27 cases 11.11%), accounting for 21.45% of all children who participated in the identification of disabled children; 2 children with mental retardation in the application of the highest age-specific composition of the age group of 25 to 30 years old; apply for identification of mental retardation in children with the father and mother The first three occupations are free-lancers, peasants and staff members. The rate of maternity check-up was 7.82%, pregnancy rate was 3.70%, pregnancy rate was 8.23%, 4243 preterm births were in 13 cases 18 cases of hypoxia / asphyxia and 9 cases of infection.Commonly combined diseases are motor retardation, chromosomal abnormalities, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, children with autism, etc. Conclusion Mental retardation is the most common cause of disability in children in Guangzhou City, Mentally deprived children families counseling and eugenics guidance is necessary.