一、译者的主体性文学文本的翻译活动是特定社会和文化的产物,必须在特定的语境中才能完成。因此,翻译工作者所从事的工作必然会受到诸多因素的制约。诚如安德烈·勒菲弗尔指出的:“文本翻译的研究在本质上是社会的、历史的研究,必须考虑社会背景和意识形态。”①从这一认识出发,我们了解到翻译活动必须重视孕育文本的背景元素,这一点尤其体现在对政治人物和官方色彩浓厚的文本的翻译中。 First, the translator’s subjectivity The translation of literary texts is a product of a particular society and culture that must be accomplished in a particular context. Therefore, the work of translators must be bound by many factors. As Andre Lefevere said: “The study of textual translation is essentially social and historical and must take into account the social context and ideology.” 1 From this understanding, we understand that The translation activity must emphasize the background elements of the texts, especially in the translation of politicians and official texts.