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目的了解潮州市区小学生的身体健康情况,为制订符合本市实际情况的小学生健康干预措施提供科学依据。方法根据卫生部《中小学生健康体检管理办法》的规定和要求,对潮州市区4732名小学生进行健康检查。结果学生体检项目的检出率依次为视力不良检出率(48.65%)、龋齿检出率(41.06%)、肥胖检出率(13.23%)、沙眼检出率(6.63%)、营养不良检出率(5.60%)。除龋齿外,其余4项学生身体检查项目的检出率不同性别差异有统计学意义,女生的视力低下率(51.41%)明显高于男生(46.19%,χ2=12.89,P<0.01),男生的肥胖率(17.13%)明显高于女生(8.85%,χ2=70.40,P<0.01),女生的沙眼感染率(7.94%)明显高于男生(5.47%,χ2=11.69,P<0.01),女生的营养不良率(6.38%)明显高于男生(4.91%,χ2=4.79,P<0.05);随着年龄的增加,学生视力低下患病率呈明显上升趋势(χ2=16.15,P<0.01),而龋齿患病率则呈下降趋势(χ2=18.17,P<0.01)。结论潮州市区小学生的健康检查结果不容乐观,相关部门应积极开展有效的健康教育与健康促进活动,倡导良好的健康习惯,以提高小学生的健康水平。
Objective To understand the health status of primary school students in Chaozhou city and to provide a scientific basis for formulating health intervention measures for primary school students that are in line with the actual situation in this city. Methods According to the regulations and requirements of the “Administrative Measures on Health Checkup of Primary and Secondary School Students” issued by the Ministry of Health, health checkup was conducted on 4,732 primary school students in Chaozhou city. Results The detection rate of students’ physical examination items was 48.65%, the detection rate of dental caries (41.06%), the detection rate of obesity (13.23%), the detection rate of trachoma (6.63%), malnutrition Out rate (5.60%). Except for dental caries, the detection rate of the other 4 items was significantly different between boys and girls (51.41% vs. 46.19%, χ2 = 12.89, P <0.01) The incidence of trachoma (7.94%) was significantly higher in girls than in boys (5.47%, χ2 = 11.69, P <0.01) The prevalence of malnutrition in girls was significantly higher than that of boys (4.91%, χ2 = 4.79, P <0.05). The prevalence of vision loss was significantly increased with age (χ2 = 16.15, P <0.01) ), While the prevalence of dental caries decreased (χ2 = 18.17, P <0.01). Conclusion The results of health examination among primary school students in Chaozhou are not optimistic. Relevant departments should actively carry out effective health education and health promotion activities and advocate good health habits so as to improve the health of primary school students.