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旱涝是自然灾害中范围最广、危害最大的灾害性天气之一。旱涝的成因很复杂,与气候情况、地理条件、水利设施、土壤结构以及作物布局及其在不同生育期抗旱耐涝的能力等均有关系。降水的多少是形成旱涝的主要因素,而成灾与否和严重程度,则与水利设施有很大关系。利用江苏省淮安市1959-2010年降水资料,以降水距平百分率确定旱涝统计指标,运用分类统计、累计值等方法进行旱涝统计。
Droughts and floods are among the most extensive and devastating natural disasters in the world. The causes of droughts and floods are complex and relate to the climatic conditions, geographical conditions, water conservancy facilities, soil structure and crop layout and their ability to resist drought and waterlogging at different growth stages. How much precipitation is the main factor in the formation of droughts and floods, and whether or not the extent of the disaster and its severity are related to water conservancy facilities. Based on precipitation data from 1959 to 2010 in Huai’an City, Jiangsu Province, the statistical indicators of drought and flood were determined by the percentage of precipitation anomaly, and the statistics of drought and flood were made by means of classification statistics and cumulative values.