最近,面对着拜金主义的泛滥,谈论良心的人又多起来了。“良心”这个词,对于理论界真是久违了,学者们不大从正面说它,似有意回避,提到的地方也是带有批判性的。不讲良心的结果,泯灭天良的事便多了起来,社会风气越来越坏,多数人日受其害,于是人们又重新呼唤良心的归来。道德的败坏当然有十分复杂多重的原因,但我们不能不承认,理论上对“良心说”的全盘抹杀,使许多人错误地以为良心无用、良心不好,也是重要的导因之一。“良心说”最早由孟子提出,他有一句话:“其所以放其良心者”(《告子上》),朱熹注曰:“良心者,本然之善心,即所谓仁义之心也。”孟子更喜欢用“良知良能”来表述人性中之善端。王守仁上承孟子,以“致良知”而著称于世,“良知说”由此而大放光彩。学术界虽多讲 Recently, in the face of the proliferation of money-worship, people who talk about conscience have increased again. The term “conscience” is really a long absence for theorists, and academics are not critical of it from the front. They seem to be deliberately avoided. The places mentioned are also critical. Without conscientious results, more things will be destroyed once the good things are done. The social atmosphere is getting worse and worse, and most people suffer the day. So people are again calling for the return of conscience. Of course, there are many reasons for the moral corruption. However, we can not but admit that one of the important reasons is the total deny of “theory of conscience” theoretically and many people mistakenly believe that conscience is useless and conscience is not good. “Conscience” was first put forward by Mencius. He said the following sentence: “The reason why they put their conscience” (“On the Lament”) is that Zhu Xi said: “Conscience, the natural kindness, is the so-called heart of benevolence.” Mencius prefers to use the “good conscience” to express the goodness of human nature. Wang Shouren upheld Mencius, known as “conscience to the world,” known as “conscience that” and thus shine. Although the academic community speaks more