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目的：为了研究单纯疱疹病毒Ⅰ型与复发性口疮的关系。方法：采用PCR技术检测复发性口疮患者（ROU）损害区和健康对照者口腔粘膜脱落细胞的HSV－1DNA，然后对HSV－1DNA阳性和阴性患者用无环鸟苷作抗病毒治疗，并观察半年。结果：ROU患者HSV－1DNA的检出率为26.7%（16/60），对照组为6．7%（2／30），两者之间有高度显著性差异（P＜0．005）。HSV-1DNA阳性者与阴性者抗病毒治疗有效率分别是93．75％和13．6%（P＜0．005）。结论：HSV-1与部分ROU有关，对HSV－1阳性患者宜作抗病毒治疗。
Objective: To study the relationship between herpes simplex virus type Ⅰ and recurrent aphthous ulcer. Methods: HSV-1 DNA of oral mucosal exfoliated cells in patients with recurrent aphthous ulcer (ROU) and healthy controls was detected by PCR. Acyclovir was then used in patients with HSV-1 DNA positive and negative for antiviral therapy and observed for six months . Results: The detection rate of HSV-1 DNA in ROU patients was 26.7% (16/60) and that in the control group was 6.7% (2/30). There was a highly significant difference (P <0.005) between the two. The effective rates of antiviral therapy with HSV-1 DNA positive and negative were 93.75% and 13.6%, respectively (P <0.005). Conclusions: HSV-1 is associated with partial ROU and should be used as an antiviral agent in HSV-1 positive patients.