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对西双版纳割胶、未割胶条件下橡胶林种植带土壤及其保护带土壤氮素动态变化特征进行了研究,并比较了不同保护带种植方式(距瓣豆绿肥覆盖与野生杂草覆盖)对土壤氮素动态的影响。结果表明,橡胶林种植带土壤全氮、碱解氮和硝态氮含量低于保护带。橡胶林土壤全氮、碱解氮、铵态氮、硝态氮均呈现明显的动态变化,种植距瓣豆绿肥覆盖与野生杂草生长覆盖的橡胶林土壤氮变化趋势一致。土壤全氮随时间逐渐下降,碱解氮含量先升后降,铵态氮和硝态氮含量变化幅度较大。橡胶林土壤全氮和碱解氮含量呈现表层(0～20cm)>中层(20～40cm)>底层(40～60cm)的趋势,且未割胶处理全氮和碱解氮含量>割胶处理,而保护带为距瓣豆绿肥覆盖的割胶橡胶林>杂草生长覆盖的橡胶林。距瓣豆绿肥覆盖的保护带土壤硝态氮含量高于杂草生长覆盖。碱解氮与铵态氮含量呈显著的负相关、与硝态氮呈显著正相关。割胶橡胶林土壤氮养分含量最低。橡胶林土壤种植豆科距瓣豆绿肥能够改善土壤氮素肥力。
The dynamic changes of soil nitrogen in soil and its protective zone in rubber plantation zone under no-cut conditions in Xishuangbanna were studied, and the effects of different vegetation types (covered by vegetation cover and wild weeds) on soil nitrogen Dynamic effects. The results showed that soil total N, available N and nitrate N contents in rubber plantation zone were lower than those in the protective zone. Soil total N, available N, ammonium N and nitrate N showed significant dynamic changes in the rubber plantation. The trend of soil N application in the rubber plantation was similar to that in the rubber plantation. Soil total nitrogen decreased gradually with time, the content of alkaline nitrogen increased first and then decreased, the content of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen changed greatly. The content of total nitrogen and available nitrogen in soil of rubber plantation showed the trend of surface layer (0-20cm)> middle layer (20-40cm)> bottom layer (40-60cm), and the total nitrogen and alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen content> The protective belt is a rubber tapping rubber covered by petal bean green manure> Rubber forest covered with weeds. The content of nitrate nitrogen in the protective zone covered by petals of green manure was higher than that of weeds. There was a significant negative correlation between the contents of alkaline nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen and the nitrate nitrogen. The nitrogen content of the rubber in the rubber tapping forest is the lowest. Plantation of rubber plantation in leguminous forest can improve soil nitrogen fertility.