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大口径舰炮通常指100毫米以上口径的舰炮。二战后,由于航空武器的发展和导弹武器的出现,舰炮变成了水面舰艇的辅助武器,大口径舰炮的发展进入了一个低潮,装舰数量大幅度减少,各国主力舰艇通常只装备1～2座。我国舰炮研制工作起步较晚。上世纪60年代,我国在引进苏联技术的基础上,研制成功第一代双130毫米舰炮。90年代中期,我国引进了“现代”级驱逐舰,其上的新双130毫米舰炮作为附属项目被一并引进。随着我国海军现代化水平的提高,新一代大型驱逐舰呼之欲出,选择什么样的主炮就成为大家关注的话题。本文来盘点一下国产大口径舰炮的发展历程,并对未来我国大口径舰炮发展做些简单推测。
Large-caliber naval gun usually refers to more than 100 mm caliber naval gun. After World War II, due to the development of aviation weapons and the advent of missile weapons, the naval gun became a secondary weapon of surface ships. The development of large-caliber naval gunheads has entered a downturn and the number of ships loaded has been greatly reduced. The main warships of various countries are usually equipped with only 1 ~ 2 seats. China’s naval gun research and development started late. In the 1960s, on the basis of the introduction of Soviet technology, our country successfully developed the first generation of double 130mm naval gun. In the mid-1990s, China introduced a “modern” class destroyers, on which the new twin 130mm naval gun was introduced as an accessory project. With the improvement of China’s naval modernization level, a new generation of large destroyer can be ready and what kind of main gun to choose has become a topic of concern. This article takes an inventory of the history of the large-caliber naval gun made in China and makes some simple speculations about the future development of the large-caliber naval gun in China.