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目的了解长沙市市政供水自来水水质情况,为改善水质及水体环境治理提供科学依据。方法按全国疾病预防控制机构工作规范,对全市6家市政供水自来水厂的水质以及19个管网末梢水监测点的水质连续4年进行监测及对结果进行分析。结果长沙市生活饮用水合格率从高到低为管网末梢水(99.30%)>出厂水(98.33%)>水源水(6.25%),其中水源水水质较差,主要超标为微生物指标;出厂水氯仿含量高于水源水氯仿含量,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);出厂水氯仿与pH、COD成正性相关(差异有统计学意义P=0.018、0.014),与余氯成负性相关(差异无统计学意义P=0.055),可能受检测仪器误差、水体中有机前体物含量、pH值的变化有关。结论长沙市生活饮用水总体水质较好;对余氯及氯仿等氯化消毒副产物的含量进行跟踪监测,并适当控制投氯量;湘江水源水的环境保护及治理有待加强。
Objective To understand the water quality of municipal water supply in Changsha and provide scientific basis for improving water quality and water environment treatment. Methods The water quality of six municipal water supply waterworks and water quality monitoring of 19 pipe network water monitoring sites were monitored for the fourth consecutive year according to the work regulations of the national disease prevention and control institutions and the results were analyzed. Results The qualified rate of drinking water in Changsha City was from the top to the bottom of the pipe network (99.30%)> ex-factory water (98.33%)> source water (6.25%), of which the water quality was poor, The content of chloroform in water was higher than that of water, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The effluent chloroform was positively correlated with pH and COD (P = 0.018, 0.014) (P = 0.055, P = 0.055), which may be related to the error of detection instruments, the content of organic precursors in water and the change of pH value. Conclusion The overall quality of drinking water in Changsha is better. The content of chlorinated disinfection by-products such as residual chlorine and chloroform are tracked and monitored, and the amount of chlorine dosed is properly controlled. The environmental protection and treatment of water sources in the Xiangjiang River need to be strengthened.