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Unit 3
一、重点词汇
1. burst （burst， burst）
1） n. 爆炸;爆破;爆裂： a burst in a waterpipe 水管的破裂
a burst of anger， enthusiasm， etc 怒火﹑热情等的迸发
a burst of applause 一阵欢呼
2） vi. & vt.（使某物）爆炸;胀破;爆破
If you blow that balloon up any more it will burst. 那气球再吹就要破了。
（fig 比喻） Ive eaten so much that / and I feel ready to burst！ 我吃得太多，肚子都要撑破了！
[拓展]
burst in / enter （a room， etc） 突然进入（房间等）
The police burst in （through the door） and arrested the gang.
警察突然闯进（房门）逮捕了那帮人。
burst into sth. 突然而猛烈地发出或产生出某事物
The aircraft crashed and burst into flames. 飞机坠毁起火。
burst into tears， song， angry speech 突然哭、唱、吵起来
burst on / upon sb. / sth. 突然而意外地出现在某人/某物面前：
The truth burst upon him. 他突然了解了真相。
A major new talent has burst on the literary scene. 有个惹人瞩目的新秀突然出现于文坛。
burst out
（a） 突然激动地说;叫嚷
“I hate you！” she burst out. “我讨厌你！” 她叫嚷道。
（b） 突然开始（做某事）： burst out crying / laughing / singing 突然哭起来（笑起来/唱起来）
2. additional adj. 另外的，附加的，额外的
We needed additional money for our trip. 我们出去旅行需要更多的钱。
[拓展]
addition n. in addition （to sb. / sth.） 加之;除……之外
In addition （to the names on the list） there are six other applicants.
除此（名单上的名字）之外，还有六个申请人。
3. appetite n. [C] 欲望（尤指对食物或享乐）;食欲;胃口
When I was ill I completely lost my appetite. 我生病时完全没有食欲。
（fig 比喻） He had no appetite for the fight. 他毫无斗志。
[拓展] （对某事物的）自然的欲望：
The long walk has given me a good appetite. 走了长路使我食欲大振。
He has an amazing appetite for hard work. 他出奇地喜爱艰巨的工作。
4. slide
n. 降低，衰退;滑动
v. 降低，衰退;（使）滑动，滑行
[拓展] slide 的过去式 slid;过去分词 slid
slide into 逐渐陷入（恶习）;衰落成
The children are sliding on the ice.
孩子们在冰上滑行。
Take heroin for example， users may slide into addiction.
以海洛因为例，吸食者可能会上瘾。
5. messy adj. 散乱的;污秽的;麻烦的
[拓展]
mess n. 混乱;肮脏
be in a mess 杂乱无章
make a mess of 把……搞得一塌糊涂
The manager left our company in a mess. 经理让公司非常混乱。
You have made a mess of the job. 你把这件事办得一塌糊涂。
6. bid n. 出价;投标，招标;努力，企图 v. 叫牌
Several companies will bid for the contract.
数家公司要投标争取合约。
[拓展] in a bid to do sth. 为了做某事
The company cut prices just before the holiday in a bid to support sales.
為了提高销量，这家公司在节假日前就降低了价格。
二、重点词组
1. to conclude （常用作插入语）最后，总之 原句：To conclude， Aids education is the best way to protect ourselves from this terrible disease.
总之，艾滋病教育是我们保护自己免遭这种可怕疾病危害的最好方式。
[拓展] conclude sth. with sth. / by doing sth. 以……结束
conclude that... 推断出，断定
draw / reach / arrive at / come to a conclusion 得出结论
in conclusion 最后
They drew different conclusions from the facts. 他们从这些事实中得出了不同的结论。
2. reaction to 对……的反应
Can I ask for your reaction to this policy？ 我能问一下您对这个政策的反应吗？
[拓展]
react to 对……作出反应/回应
react with 对……起化学反应
react on / upon 影响;起作用
Does he react to the sounds around him？ 他对周围的声音有反应吗？
3. wipe away 消除，去除，擦净，抹掉
The rain wiped away all footprints. 雨水把所有的足迹都冲掉了。
[拓展] wipe out 消除，去除
wipe up 用布擦净;擦干
Most diseases could be wiped out. 大多数疾病是可以被消灭的。
He wiped up the split milk on the wooden floor. 他擦掉了泼在木板上的牛奶。
4. end in 以……告终
The meeting ended in disorder. 会议在一片混乱中结束。
[拓展]
end up doing sth. 结果……，最终……
end up with sth. 以……告终
We were going to a concert， but ended up watching videos at home.
我们原计划去听音乐会，但结果却在家看录像。
She ended up her speech with a short poem.
她朗诵了一首短诗以结束她的演讲。
Unit 4
一、重点词汇
1. suspect
1） n. 嫌疑犯;可疑对象
He is a prime suspect in this murder case. 他是这起谋杀案的主要嫌疑人。
2） v. 怀疑
suspect sb. （of sth. / of doing sth.） 怀疑（某人有罪）
He resigned after being suspected of theft. 他被怀疑有偷窃行为，随后就辞职了。
3） adj. 可疑的，不可信的
Some of the evidence they produced was highly suspect.
一些他们提供的证据非常可疑。
2. force
1） n. 武力，暴力
The villagers were taken away by force. 村民们被强行带走。
2） n. 力，力量
The shopping center took the full force of explosion. 购物中心承受了全部的爆炸力。
3） n. 权力，效力
These guidelines do not have the force of law. 这些指导条例不具有法律效应。
[拓展] energy，power，strength和force均可表示“力”。
energy意為“能量”，尤指人在做某事并为完成该事所表现出的生机勃勃的力，多用作不可数名词。
power意为“能力”，词义丰富，可指内在的或外加的力、潜在的或活动的力、具体的或抽象的力、身体的或精神的力等。
strength意为“体力”，常指人体或物体内存在的力，如气力、耐力、抵抗力，有时也可指进行某种活动的推动力，是不可数名词。
3. considerate adj. 考虑周到的、体谅的、体贴的
She is always polite and considerate towards her employees.
她对待雇员总是客客气气，关心体谅。
consider v. 仔细考虑，细想
Have you ever considered my suggestion？
你有没有考虑过我的建议？
consider sb. / sth. （as sth.） 认为，以为，觉得
These workers are considered （as） a highrisk group. 这些工人被视为属高风险人群。 Who do you consider （to be） responsible for the accident？ 你认为谁对这个事故负有责任？
[拓展] take... into consideration 把……考虑在内
The plan doesnt take people working on night shifts into consideration.
这项计划没有考虑上夜班的人。
4. compensate
1） vi. 补偿;弥补 compensate （for sth.）
Nothing can compensate for the loss of a loved one.失去心爱的人是无法补偿的。
2） vt. 给（某人）赔偿（或赔款）compensate sb. （for sth.）
Her lawyer said she should be compensated for the suffering she had been caused.
她的律师说她应该为所遭受的痛苦得到赔偿。
5. charge n. 费用;控制、负责;指控;电荷、充电
free of charge 免费
in charge （of sth.） 负责
Gas charges will rise in July. 汽油收费在七月份会上涨。
Guided tours are provided at no charge. 提供免费带导游的旅行。
He asked to speak to the person in charge. 他要求与负责的人说话。
Stern put Tim in charge of （=gave him control of） the research team.
Stern让Tim负责研究小组。
Leave the battery on charge all night.
让电池充一夜的电。
6. involve vt. 包含;（使）参加;牵涉，涉及
What does the job of editing involve？ 编辑工作包含些什么？
Dont involve me in your quarrel. 不要把我卷入你们的争吵。
[拓展] involve sb. in（doing） sth. 把某人牵涉到某事里
be / get involved in... 和……有牵连;参与……中
Im afraid your sons been involved in an accident.
恐怕你的兒子牵涉进了一起事故中。
More than 30 software firms were involved in the project.
三十多家软件公司参与了这项工程。
He is now involved in stocks. 他现在热衷于股票。
二、重点词组
1. relate to
All these questions relate to philosophy. 所有这些问题都跟哲学有关。
[拓展]
relate sth. to / with sth. 把……与……联系起来
be related to 和……有联系，和……有关
with / in relation to 有关;涉及
I cant relate what he does to / with what he says.
我没法把他做的和说的联系起来。
What did the boss say is in relation to what happened yesterday？
关于昨天发生的事情，老板怎么说？
2. get into a bad habit 染上坏习惯
[拓展]
be in the habit of 有……的习惯
form / fall into a habit of 养成……的习惯
get rid of / break off the habit of 改掉……的习惯
out of habit 出于习惯
I am in the habit of having something to eat at night.
我有吃夜宵的习惯。
We woke up very early in the morning on Sunday out of habit.
出于习惯，周日的早晨我们醒得很早。
3. put into effect
[点拨] put into effect是生效，实施
effect在这是名词，意为“效果”。
It will be difficult for us to put the plan into effect.
对于我们来说，实施这一计划将是困难的。
[拓展]
come into effect 生效，实施
have an effect on / upon 对……有影响 take effect 见效，生效
in effect 有效，实际上
The film had quite an effect on her. 这部电影对她的影响极大。
The new system will soon come into effect. 新系统即将开始使用。
4. be faced with 面临，面对
We are faced with many chances and challenges.
我们正面临着许多机遇和挑战。
[拓展] face vt. 面对
face up to 敢于正视……
face to face 面对面地
Facing so many difficulties， he doesnt know what to do.
面对这么多的困难，他不知道该怎么办。
Lets discuss the problem face to face.
[即学即练]
with so much trouble， we failed to complete the task on time.
A. FacedB. Face
C. FacingD. To face
[解析] 答案選A。此处考查be faced with 面临，面对。若此处没有介词with，则C为正确选项。
5. break into 破门而入，强行闯入
Because of the guards carelessness， the palace was broken into last night.
由于保安的玩忽职守，昨天晚上有人闯入了宫殿。
[拓展]
break down 瓦解，崩溃
break up 分成小块;拆开;分解
break in 打断;插嘴
break off 突然停止;暂停
break out 爆发;发生
break away from 从……分离出去
break through 突破，（在科学研究上）有重大发现
The bridge broke down in the last earthquake.
那座桥在上次地震中塌陷了。
Let us learn how to break away from everyday stress and relax.
让我们学会摆脱每天的压力，放松放松。
6. refer to sb. / sth.
1） 提到
Dont refer to this matter again， please. 请不要再提及这件事了。
2） 与某人/某事物有关
3） What I have to say refers to all of you. 我要说的事和你们大家都有关。
4） 参考，向……咨询refer to a dictionary / an expert查词典/询问专家
I referred to my watch for the exact time. 我看了一下手表好知道准确的时间。
5） refer A to B将A送交B
They are planning to refer the issue to the head office. 他们正计划把这个问题向总部提交。
（作者：严慧，泰州市第三高级中学）
一、重点词汇
1. burst （burst， burst）
1） n. 爆炸;爆破;爆裂： a burst in a waterpipe 水管的破裂
a burst of anger， enthusiasm， etc 怒火﹑热情等的迸发
a burst of applause 一阵欢呼
2） vi. & vt.（使某物）爆炸;胀破;爆破
If you blow that balloon up any more it will burst. 那气球再吹就要破了。
（fig 比喻） Ive eaten so much that / and I feel ready to burst！ 我吃得太多，肚子都要撑破了！
[拓展]
burst in / enter （a room， etc） 突然进入（房间等）
The police burst in （through the door） and arrested the gang.
警察突然闯进（房门）逮捕了那帮人。
burst into sth. 突然而猛烈地发出或产生出某事物
The aircraft crashed and burst into flames. 飞机坠毁起火。
burst into tears， song， angry speech 突然哭、唱、吵起来
burst on / upon sb. / sth. 突然而意外地出现在某人/某物面前：
The truth burst upon him. 他突然了解了真相。
A major new talent has burst on the literary scene. 有个惹人瞩目的新秀突然出现于文坛。
burst out
（a） 突然激动地说;叫嚷
“I hate you！” she burst out. “我讨厌你！” 她叫嚷道。
（b） 突然开始（做某事）： burst out crying / laughing / singing 突然哭起来（笑起来/唱起来）
2. additional adj. 另外的，附加的，额外的
We needed additional money for our trip. 我们出去旅行需要更多的钱。
[拓展]
addition n. in addition （to sb. / sth.） 加之;除……之外
In addition （to the names on the list） there are six other applicants.
除此（名单上的名字）之外，还有六个申请人。
3. appetite n. [C] 欲望（尤指对食物或享乐）;食欲;胃口
When I was ill I completely lost my appetite. 我生病时完全没有食欲。
（fig 比喻） He had no appetite for the fight. 他毫无斗志。
[拓展] （对某事物的）自然的欲望：
The long walk has given me a good appetite. 走了长路使我食欲大振。
He has an amazing appetite for hard work. 他出奇地喜爱艰巨的工作。
4. slide
n. 降低，衰退;滑动
v. 降低，衰退;（使）滑动，滑行
[拓展] slide 的过去式 slid;过去分词 slid
slide into 逐渐陷入（恶习）;衰落成
The children are sliding on the ice.
孩子们在冰上滑行。
Take heroin for example， users may slide into addiction.
以海洛因为例，吸食者可能会上瘾。
5. messy adj. 散乱的;污秽的;麻烦的
[拓展]
mess n. 混乱;肮脏
be in a mess 杂乱无章
make a mess of 把……搞得一塌糊涂
The manager left our company in a mess. 经理让公司非常混乱。
You have made a mess of the job. 你把这件事办得一塌糊涂。
6. bid n. 出价;投标，招标;努力，企图 v. 叫牌
Several companies will bid for the contract.
数家公司要投标争取合约。
[拓展] in a bid to do sth. 为了做某事
The company cut prices just before the holiday in a bid to support sales.
為了提高销量，这家公司在节假日前就降低了价格。
二、重点词组
1. to conclude （常用作插入语）最后，总之 原句：To conclude， Aids education is the best way to protect ourselves from this terrible disease.
总之，艾滋病教育是我们保护自己免遭这种可怕疾病危害的最好方式。
[拓展] conclude sth. with sth. / by doing sth. 以……结束
conclude that... 推断出，断定
draw / reach / arrive at / come to a conclusion 得出结论
in conclusion 最后
They drew different conclusions from the facts. 他们从这些事实中得出了不同的结论。
2. reaction to 对……的反应
Can I ask for your reaction to this policy？ 我能问一下您对这个政策的反应吗？
[拓展]
react to 对……作出反应/回应
react with 对……起化学反应
react on / upon 影响;起作用
Does he react to the sounds around him？ 他对周围的声音有反应吗？
3. wipe away 消除，去除，擦净，抹掉
The rain wiped away all footprints. 雨水把所有的足迹都冲掉了。
[拓展] wipe out 消除，去除
wipe up 用布擦净;擦干
Most diseases could be wiped out. 大多数疾病是可以被消灭的。
He wiped up the split milk on the wooden floor. 他擦掉了泼在木板上的牛奶。
4. end in 以……告终
The meeting ended in disorder. 会议在一片混乱中结束。
[拓展]
end up doing sth. 结果……，最终……
end up with sth. 以……告终
We were going to a concert， but ended up watching videos at home.
我们原计划去听音乐会，但结果却在家看录像。
She ended up her speech with a short poem.
她朗诵了一首短诗以结束她的演讲。
Unit 4
一、重点词汇
1. suspect
1） n. 嫌疑犯;可疑对象
He is a prime suspect in this murder case. 他是这起谋杀案的主要嫌疑人。
2） v. 怀疑
suspect sb. （of sth. / of doing sth.） 怀疑（某人有罪）
He resigned after being suspected of theft. 他被怀疑有偷窃行为，随后就辞职了。
3） adj. 可疑的，不可信的
Some of the evidence they produced was highly suspect.
一些他们提供的证据非常可疑。
2. force
1） n. 武力，暴力
The villagers were taken away by force. 村民们被强行带走。
2） n. 力，力量
The shopping center took the full force of explosion. 购物中心承受了全部的爆炸力。
3） n. 权力，效力
These guidelines do not have the force of law. 这些指导条例不具有法律效应。
[拓展] energy，power，strength和force均可表示“力”。
energy意為“能量”，尤指人在做某事并为完成该事所表现出的生机勃勃的力，多用作不可数名词。
power意为“能力”，词义丰富，可指内在的或外加的力、潜在的或活动的力、具体的或抽象的力、身体的或精神的力等。
strength意为“体力”，常指人体或物体内存在的力，如气力、耐力、抵抗力，有时也可指进行某种活动的推动力，是不可数名词。
3. considerate adj. 考虑周到的、体谅的、体贴的
She is always polite and considerate towards her employees.
她对待雇员总是客客气气，关心体谅。
consider v. 仔细考虑，细想
Have you ever considered my suggestion？
你有没有考虑过我的建议？
consider sb. / sth. （as sth.） 认为，以为，觉得
These workers are considered （as） a highrisk group. 这些工人被视为属高风险人群。 Who do you consider （to be） responsible for the accident？ 你认为谁对这个事故负有责任？
[拓展] take... into consideration 把……考虑在内
The plan doesnt take people working on night shifts into consideration.
这项计划没有考虑上夜班的人。
4. compensate
1） vi. 补偿;弥补 compensate （for sth.）
Nothing can compensate for the loss of a loved one.失去心爱的人是无法补偿的。
2） vt. 给（某人）赔偿（或赔款）compensate sb. （for sth.）
Her lawyer said she should be compensated for the suffering she had been caused.
她的律师说她应该为所遭受的痛苦得到赔偿。
5. charge n. 费用;控制、负责;指控;电荷、充电
free of charge 免费
in charge （of sth.） 负责
Gas charges will rise in July. 汽油收费在七月份会上涨。
Guided tours are provided at no charge. 提供免费带导游的旅行。
He asked to speak to the person in charge. 他要求与负责的人说话。
Stern put Tim in charge of （=gave him control of） the research team.
Stern让Tim负责研究小组。
Leave the battery on charge all night.
让电池充一夜的电。
6. involve vt. 包含;（使）参加;牵涉，涉及
What does the job of editing involve？ 编辑工作包含些什么？
Dont involve me in your quarrel. 不要把我卷入你们的争吵。
[拓展] involve sb. in（doing） sth. 把某人牵涉到某事里
be / get involved in... 和……有牵连;参与……中
Im afraid your sons been involved in an accident.
恐怕你的兒子牵涉进了一起事故中。
More than 30 software firms were involved in the project.
三十多家软件公司参与了这项工程。
He is now involved in stocks. 他现在热衷于股票。
二、重点词组
1. relate to
All these questions relate to philosophy. 所有这些问题都跟哲学有关。
[拓展]
relate sth. to / with sth. 把……与……联系起来
be related to 和……有联系，和……有关
with / in relation to 有关;涉及
I cant relate what he does to / with what he says.
我没法把他做的和说的联系起来。
What did the boss say is in relation to what happened yesterday？
关于昨天发生的事情，老板怎么说？
2. get into a bad habit 染上坏习惯
[拓展]
be in the habit of 有……的习惯
form / fall into a habit of 养成……的习惯
get rid of / break off the habit of 改掉……的习惯
out of habit 出于习惯
I am in the habit of having something to eat at night.
我有吃夜宵的习惯。
We woke up very early in the morning on Sunday out of habit.
出于习惯，周日的早晨我们醒得很早。
3. put into effect
[点拨] put into effect是生效，实施
effect在这是名词，意为“效果”。
It will be difficult for us to put the plan into effect.
对于我们来说，实施这一计划将是困难的。
[拓展]
come into effect 生效，实施
have an effect on / upon 对……有影响 take effect 见效，生效
in effect 有效，实际上
The film had quite an effect on her. 这部电影对她的影响极大。
The new system will soon come into effect. 新系统即将开始使用。
4. be faced with 面临，面对
We are faced with many chances and challenges.
我们正面临着许多机遇和挑战。
[拓展] face vt. 面对
face up to 敢于正视……
face to face 面对面地
Facing so many difficulties， he doesnt know what to do.
面对这么多的困难，他不知道该怎么办。
Lets discuss the problem face to face.
[即学即练]
with so much trouble， we failed to complete the task on time.
A. FacedB. Face
C. FacingD. To face
[解析] 答案選A。此处考查be faced with 面临，面对。若此处没有介词with，则C为正确选项。
5. break into 破门而入，强行闯入
Because of the guards carelessness， the palace was broken into last night.
由于保安的玩忽职守，昨天晚上有人闯入了宫殿。
[拓展]
break down 瓦解，崩溃
break up 分成小块;拆开;分解
break in 打断;插嘴
break off 突然停止;暂停
break out 爆发;发生
break away from 从……分离出去
break through 突破，（在科学研究上）有重大发现
The bridge broke down in the last earthquake.
那座桥在上次地震中塌陷了。
Let us learn how to break away from everyday stress and relax.
让我们学会摆脱每天的压力，放松放松。
6. refer to sb. / sth.
1） 提到
Dont refer to this matter again， please. 请不要再提及这件事了。
2） 与某人/某事物有关
3） What I have to say refers to all of you. 我要说的事和你们大家都有关。
4） 参考，向……咨询refer to a dictionary / an expert查词典/询问专家
I referred to my watch for the exact time. 我看了一下手表好知道准确的时间。
5） refer A to B将A送交B
They are planning to refer the issue to the head office. 他们正计划把这个问题向总部提交。
（作者：严慧，泰州市第三高级中学）