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目的研究我国鼻咽癌低发地区吸烟、饮酒与鼻咽癌致病的关系。方法使用标准化的调查表收集2005年1月～2008年10月湖北省内的245例鼻咽癌及245名与之性别、年龄(±5岁)配对的健康人群的相关信息,并比较他们的吸烟及饮酒习惯。结果本研究发现吸烟可增加鼻咽癌的致病危险性(OR调整=2.22;95%CI:1.42～3.49)。吸烟累积量与鼻咽癌致病危险性有剂量效应关系。吸烟累积量(每天吸烟的支数×烟龄)为300～600支的人患病的危险性是300支以下的人的7.19倍(OR调整=7.19;95%CI:3.02～17.11),而当吸烟累积量达600支以上,患病危险性则提高到11.89倍(OR调整=11.89;95%CI:4.14～34.13)。重度饮酒能够导致鼻咽癌致病危险性提高,且结果有统计学意义。结论吸烟是鼻咽癌致病的危险因素,吸烟的累积量与鼻咽癌致病风险有剂量效应关系;重度饮酒可导致鼻咽癌发病危险性提高。
Objective To study the relationship between smoking, alcohol drinking and the pathogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in areas with low incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in our country. Methods A standardized questionnaire was used to collect information on 245 NPC patients and 245 matched healthy people from Hubei Province from January 2005 to October 2008 with sex and age (± 5 years) Smoking and drinking habits. Results This study found that smoking increased the risk of developing nasopharyngeal carcinoma (OR adjusted = 2.22; 95% CI: 1.42-3.49). Cumulative smoking and the risk of nasopharyngeal cancer dose-response relationship. The cumulative prevalence of smoking (cigarettes smoked per day × smoking age) of 300 to 600 people was 7.19 times more likely to be ill than those less than 300 (OR adjusted = 7.19; 95% CI: 3.02 to 17.11) When the cumulative amount of smoking reached more than 600, the risk of illness increased to 11.89 times (OR adjusted = 11.89; 95% CI: 4.14 to 34.13). Severe alcohol consumption can cause the risk of nasopharyngeal cancer increased, and the results were statistically significant. Conclusion Smoking is a risk factor for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The cumulative amount of smoking has a dose-dependent relationship with the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Severe alcohol consumption may lead to the increased risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.