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食利,最直白地说,是指未贡献劳动却参与了分配的经济行为。这么说来,每个人都可以被叫作食利者——只要你有或者有过银行账户,收到过一笔无论数额大小的利息。在这一含义上,食利大体等同于获得财产性收入。食利的另一面,就是被食利。每个人也都可以是被食利者。所以,对个人而言,真正有意义的问题不是你是否有食利行为,而是你的净食利值是正还是负。由此,我们可以得到食利者的第二种界定方式。有财产性收入,不意味着你的净食利值就是正数,你仍然可能是被食利者;但如果你连一点财产性收入都没有,那么你的净食利值就一定为负。
Food, in its simplest form, refers to the economic act of participating in the distribution without contribution of labor. So to speak, everyone can be called a rentier - as long as you have or have had a bank account, you have received a small amount of interest, whatever the amount. In this sense, food and drink is roughly equivalent to obtaining property income. The other side of food is to be rewarded. Everyone can be a beggar too. So, for individuals, the real question is not whether you have a profit-taking or not, but whether your net worth is positive or negative. As a result, we can get the second definition of rentiers. Having property income does not mean that your net worth is positive, and you may still be a rentier; but if you do not even have a little property income, then your net worth will be negative.