目的:研究胎次和其他因素对婴幼儿先天性心脏病的影响。方法:对1 106例婴幼儿进行超声心动图检查,将检查结果分为病例组和对照组,对两组的父母进行问卷调查,运用χ2检验、单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析方法对调查数据进行统计分析。结果:先心病类型构成占前三位的依次为房间隔缺损(25.67%)、室间隔缺损(19.52%)和动脉导管未闭(16.31%);后代中先天性心脏病的比例随胎次的增加而逐渐升高;经χ2检验、单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析发现,在排除其他因素影响的前提下,胎次是独立的危险因素(OR=2.797),另外,父亲吸烟(OR=2.404)、母亲高龄(OR=3.794)、母亲孕期用药(OR=2.797)、孕期接触毒物(OR=3.103)、负性生活事件(OR=2.346)也是危险因素,孕期服用叶酸(OR=0.529)是保护因素。结论:父母双方应做好优生优育工作,同时应减少与有害物质接触,适当补充叶酸,以减少后代先天性心脏病的发生。 Objective: To study the impact of parity and other factors on congenital heart disease in infants and young children. Methods: Eighteen infants and young children were examined by echocardiography. The results were divided into case group and control group. The parents of the two groups were surveyed by questionnaire. Chi-square test, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the survey data conduct statistical analysis. Results: The top three types of congenital heart disease were atrial septal defect (25.67%), ventricular septal defect (19.52%) and patent ductus arteriosus (16.31%). The proportion of congenital heart disease (Χ2 test, univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that parity was an independent risk factor excluding the influence of other factors (OR = 2.797). In addition, the father smoked (OR = 2.404 (OR = 2.797), exposure to poison during pregnancy (OR = 3.103) and negative life events (OR = 2.346) were also risk factors. Folic acid intake during pregnancy (OR = 0.529) was Protection factors. Conclusion: Both parents should do the work of prenatal and postnatal care. At the same time, contact with harmful substances should be reduced and folate supplemented appropriately to reduce the incidence of congenital heart disease in future generations.