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适度降低国有制总的比重,是国有企业改革的思路之一,也是十分必要的。但问题在于,降到一个什么样的比例才算适度?有一种观点认为,降到20％上下就足够了。我不完全赞同这种观点,我认为国有制的比重不能降得太快、太低,其比例至少要保持在50％上下才恰当,也就是国有制经济在资产存量及其所提供的国民生产总值和国民收入在社会总量中占有较优势的比重才恰当。 首先,从历史看,由于我们是通过没收占旧中国工业资本2/3的官僚资本作基础而建立起国营经济的,所以从建国开始,国有经济在整个国民经济中就占有较大的比重。这就保证了我们能在一个几亿人口
To moderately reduce the proportion of state-owned enterprises is one of the ideas for the reform of state-owned enterprises, and it is also very necessary. But the question is: What proportion should be reduced to a modest level? One view is that a drop to 20% is enough. I do not fully agree with this point of view. I do not think that the proportion of state-owned enterprises can be reduced too fast or too low. The proportion must be at least 50%, that is, the state-owned economy in the stock of assets and the national production it provides. The proportion of total value and national income in the total social volume is only appropriate. First of all, from a historical point of view, since we established the state-owned economy by confiscating the bureaucratic capital that accounts for two-thirds of the old Chinese industrial capital, starting from the founding of the country, the state-owned economy occupies a larger proportion in the entire national economy. This guarantees that we can have a population of several hundred million