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从1978年在我国农村实行联产承包责任制开始,引发了我国国有企业以至各方面广泛而深刻的改革。这场改革到今天已经二十多个年头了,但改革之路依然任重而道远。从联产承包开始的农村改革,是从经济责任制破题的。而国有企业改革的核心,仍然是要解决一个责任问题。一、国有企业改革的微观本质是个责任问题从企业的财产关系看企业由三部分人组成,即投资者(所有者)、经营者(管理者)和操作者(生产者)。在一般情况下投资者和经营者往往同时具有双重身份.而在国有企业屹今为止的所有企业制度中,二者是分开的,而且所有者是缺席的。一个诺大的企业全由与企业财产没有直接利害关系的一群人去运
Starting from the implementation of the contract responsibility system for joint production in rural areas of China in 1978, it triggered widespread and profound reforms in China’s state-owned enterprises and even in all aspects. This reform has been in place for more than two decades now, but the road to reform still has a long way to go. The rural reform that started with the joint production contracting is the subject of economic responsibility. The core of the reform of state-owned enterprises is still to solve a responsibility issue. I. The microcosmic nature of the reform of state-owned enterprises is a responsibility issue. From the perspective of the company’s property relations, an enterprise consists of three parts: investors (owners), operators (managers), and operators (producers). In general, investors and managers often have dual identities at the same time. In all corporate systems of state-owned enterprises so far, the two are separate and the owners are absent. A Novo Big company is transported by a group of people who have no direct interest in the company’s property.