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目的总结和分析河南省斑疹伤寒疫情趋势及流行特征,为斑疹伤寒监测与防控工作提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对河南省1950-2015年斑疹伤寒数据资料进行分析。结果 1950-2015年河南省共报告斑疹伤寒30 306例,1980年出现流行高峰,不同年代斑疹伤寒发病有显著差异(χ2=26.27,P<0.01),1950-1979年发病呈下降趋势,1980-1989年疫情显著上升,1990年以后至今又呈现下降趋势。夏秋季为斑疹伤寒发病高峰,河南省中部黄河沿岸的开封、新乡、焦作、郑州、洛阳5地区是流行区,病例男略多于女,0~30岁组人群居多,职业以农民和学生为主。结论河南省上世纪80年代是斑疹伤寒流行期,本世纪以来发病逐年下降且高度散发。应加强重点地区监测,以有效控制疫情。
Objective To summarize and analyze the trend and epidemic characteristics of typhus in Henan Province, and provide a scientific basis for the monitoring and prevention and control of typhus. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the typhus data from 1950 to 2015 in Henan Province. Results A total of 30 306 typhus cases were reported from 1950 to 2015 in Henan Province. The epidemic peak occurred in 1980, and the incidence of typhus was significantly different at different years (χ2 = 26.27, P <0.01). The incidence of typhus showed a decreasing trend from 1950 to 1979, The epidemic increased significantly from 1980 to 1989, and since then has shown a downward trend. The peak incidence of typhus in summer and autumn, the Yellow River in central Henan Province, Kaifeng, Xinxiang, Jiaozuo, Zhengzhou, Luoyang 5 areas are endemic areas, slightly more cases of men and women, 0 to 30-year-old group of mostly occupational peasants and students Mainly. Conclusion Henan province was the epidemic period of typhus in the 1980s. The incidence of this disease declined year by year and was highly distributed. The monitoring in key areas should be strengthened so as to effectively control the epidemic.