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一、引致需求理论经济理论指出消费者对消费品的需求是直接需求,厂商对生产要素的需求是“引致需求”,也即是厂商对生产要素的需求归根到底是由于消费者对该生产要素生产的商品的需求所引致的。消费者购买食品或衣服等各种消费品,从产品的消费中得到满足,而厂商需要各种机械、劳动和土地等生产要素来满足生产上的需求,以生产出各种消费品。因此,经济理论认为,消费者的直接需求决定了厂商对生产要素的需求。引致需求往往有许多的环节,如消费者对羊绒衫的需求引致了零售厂商对产品的需求,从而引致生产厂商对羊绒的需求,进而引致羊绒的进出口需求,又引致牧业生产的发展等。
First, the demand theory led to the theory that the consumer demand for consumer goods is a direct demand, manufacturers demand for production factors is “lead to demand”, that is, the demand of manufacturers for the production factors in the final analysis is due to consumer production of the factors The demand for goods caused. Consumers buy various kinds of consumer goods, such as food or clothes, from the consumption of products, and manufacturers need all kinds of production factors such as machinery, labor and land to meet their production needs so as to produce various kinds of consumer goods. Therefore, economic theory holds that the direct demand of consumers determines the manufacturer’s demand for factors of production. There are often many links between demand and demand. For instance, consumer demand for cashmere sweaters has led to demand from retailers for products that have led to demand for cashmere by manufacturers, leading to the demand for cashmere import and export as well as the development of animal husbandry. .