进入90年代以来,经济特区的优惠政策加速淡化,这意味着第—代经济特区正在结束,同时第二代经济特区正在开始。目前国家已基本调整了特区政策,第二代经济特区将如何发展,这是人们更为关心的问题。 一、经济特区升级换代的必然性 马克思主义常识告诉我们,事物的发展具有阶段性,掌握阶段性就掌握事物发展规律,这里我们分析经济发展的一个基本观点。目前特区优惠政策基本上退出历史舞台,正是特区发展阶段性的—个明显标志:特区已经升级换代,已经从第一代进入第二代,这就是说,我国经济特区的升级换代自有本身的原因。 第一,我国经济特区的创办,从处于思想形态时起,就带有利用外资开发落后地区的初始目标,特区进行这方面的试验获得成功,就必然要向特区以外的地区扩展,去改变其他落后地区的面貌。经济特区起步后仅用3—4年时间的试验就证明了这样一点:必须把利用外资同本国的经济发展结合起来,推动社会主义现代化建设。因此,国家给予特区的优惠政策,早在特区还处于奠基阶段时,就开始扩展到特区以外的地区去。搞点特殊优惠政策,就可以收到利用外资开发本地经济的好处,内地逐渐照着特区的办法做,纷纷成立经济开发区或开发试验区,全国大开放的局面到了90年代初期已基本形成。全国大开放的局面对经济特区提出? Since the 1990s, the preferential policies of the SEZs have accelerated and weakened, which means that the SE-SEZ is ending and the second-generation SEZs are beginning to take shape. At present, the state has basically adjusted the policies of the SAR and how the second-generation special economic zones will develop. This is a problem that people are more concerned about. I. The Necessity of Upgrading and Renewal of the SEZs The common sense of Marxism tells us that the development of things has a stage and the stage of mastery grasps the law of things. Here we analyze a basic view of economic development. At present, the preferential policies for the SAR are basically withdrawn from the historical arena. It is precisely because of the staged development of the SEZ. The obvious sign is that the SEZ has been upgraded and has entered the second generation from the first generation. This means that the special economic zones in our country are themselves upgraded s reason. First, since the founding of our special economic zones started with thought-form, with the initial goal of developing laggard regions using foreign capital, the success of the trial conducted by the SAR in this regard will inevitably extend to areas outside the SAR and change other Backward area of ​​the face. After only three or four years’ trial, the special economic zone started to prove the point that we must combine the utilization of foreign capital with the economic development of our own country and promote the socialist modernization drive. Therefore, the preferential policies that the State has granted to the SAR, as early as the SAR was still at the foundation stage, began to expand beyond the SAR. With some special preferential policies, we can receive the benefits of utilizing local capital to develop the local economy. The Mainland has gradually taken the approach of the SAR and set up economic development zones or pilot zones one after another. The opening up of the entire country has basically taken shape in the early 1990s. National opening up to the special economic zone put forward?