溶血性尿毒综合征(HUS)是一种以溶血性贫血、血小板减少和急性肾功能不全以及外周血大量异形红细胞为临床特点的综合征。它多见于儿童,成人亦可发病。1978年曾有专文介绍本症。近十年来,对HUS的研究又取得了一系列进展,本文仅就此进行综述。一、病因及发病机制的研究进展 HUS的病因相当复杂,致病微生物感染、遗传背景、免疫机制、肿瘤及化疗、口服含雌激素的避孕药物等都可能与本病有关。致病微生物感染方面,目前公认的有:血清型为 Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a syndrome characterized by hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and acute renal insufficiency, as well as a large number of abnormal shaped peripheral blood erythrocytes. It is more common in children, adults can also disease. In 1978 there was an article introducing this disease. In the past ten years, a series of progress has been made in the study of HUS, which is only reviewed in this paper. First, the etiology and pathogenesis research The causes of HUS quite complicated, pathogenic microorganisms, genetic background, immune mechanisms, cancer and chemotherapy, oral estrogen-containing contraceptives and so may be related to the disease. Pathogenic microbial infections, the current recognized are: serotypes