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学界对于近代中国铁路的影响,相当多的是侧重于经济、文化、政治及社会等方面的积极作用,却忽视了其另面影响。以20世纪初我国铁路对内河航运的冲击为例,铁路运输对比轮船运输,形成了很大的优势,这首先体现在便捷方面,火车距离近,用时少很多,轮船则路遥,用时多出数倍,二者优劣差异十分明显;再就是运价,轮运货价多高于路运。由于铁路对比轮船具有便捷、低廉的双重优势,其结果是轮运节节败退,景象凄惨。面对铁路运输对轮船运输的冲击,轮运公司所采取的应对举措主要是与铁路联运。这其中,政府也在推动倡导。总之,20世纪初的二三十年间,铁路对轮船运输产生了强烈冲击,并直接促动了轮路联运,为之后交通内部整合及一体化进程奠定了坚实的基础。
The influence of academia on modern China’s railways is quite a lot focused on the positive effects of economic, cultural, political and social aspects, while neglecting its influence. Taking the impact of China’s railways on inland river shipping at the beginning of 20th century as an example, railway transportation has made great advantages over shipping by ships. This is reflected in the first hand in terms of convenience, less train time, less time spent, steeper ships, Several times, the difference between the two is very obvious advantages and differences; Then there is the freight rate, shipping cargo price is higher than the road transport. Due to the convenience and low cost of railways compared with steamers, the result is a revival of the festival and the miserable situation. In the face of the impact of rail transport on shipping, the response measures taken by shipping companies are mainly intermodal with the railway. Among them, the government is also promoting advocacy. In a word, during the twenties and thirties of the early twentieth century, railways had a strong impact on the shipping of ships and directly promoted the intermodal transportation of wheeled vehicles, laying a solid foundation for the subsequent internal integration and integration of transportation.