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酶的结构主要是由遗传物质脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)分子的排列所决定。因此,同工酶的分析可以间接反映不同生物的不同基因结构。近20多年来,大量的研究证明,同工酶或酶的多样性在各种生物中极为普遍,在不同种属生物以至群体中的不同个体的同工酶都有差异。因此,近代应用同工酶研究作物品种的地理分布、品种群的分类、群体遗传系谱的调查或用以鉴别品种外部形态上难以鉴别的遗传变异,甚至在生理、生化、病理等领域,应用的也愈来愈广泛。我国还有用于研究远缘杂交、杂交亲本的选配、杂种优势的预测等。1978年以来,我们试以水稻品种作酯酶同工酶分析,以期在品种资源研究方面得到一些生化指标,探索酶谱与品种性状、遗传和品种的地理分布、
The structure of the enzyme is mainly determined by the arrangement of the genetic material deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules. Therefore, isozyme analysis can indirectly reflect the different gene structure of different organisms. For nearly 20 years, a large number of studies have shown that the isozyme or enzyme diversity is extremely common in various organisms, and there are differences in isozymes among different species and even individuals in the population. Therefore, the application of isozymes in modern research crops, geographical distribution of species, species population classification, population genetic lineage survey or to identify species outside the form of genetic variation is difficult to identify, and even in the physical, biochemical, pathological and other fields Also more and more widely. There are also our country for the study of distant hybridization, hybrid parent matching, prediction of heterosis and so on. Since 1978, we have tried to use rice varieties as esterase isozyme analysis, with a view to get some biochemical indicators in the study of variety resources, to explore the geographical distribution of the zymogram and varieties traits, genetic and variety,