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目的了解中国花生中黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)、黄曲霉毒素B2(AFB2)、黄曲霉毒素G1(AFG1)和黄曲霉毒素G2(AFG2)的污染状况。方法从吉林省、河南省、湖北省、四川省、广东省和广西自治区采集花生样品,用高效液相色谱测定黄曲霉毒素含量。结果共测定197份花生,115份阳性,平均浓度为91.74μg/kg;四川省、吉林省、广东省、广西省、湖北省和河南省样品阳性率依次为53.12%(17/32)、66.67%(22/33)、63.64%(21/33)、61.76%(21/34)、60.00%(21/35)和43.33%(13/30),平均浓度依次为244.96、136.74、94.11、44.30、22.20和0.33μg/kg;4种毒素中AFB1阳性率和平均浓度最高,分别为58.38%和77.77μg/kg;AFB2、AFG1和AFG2的阳性率和平均浓度依次降低。结论花生的黄曲霉毒素污染比较普遍,调查的各地样品均有不同程度污染;4种毒素中以AFB1污染为主。
Objective To understand the contamination status of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), afB2 (AFB2), aflatoxin G1 (AFG1) and aflatoxin G2 (AFG2) in Chinese peanut. Methods Peanut samples were collected from Jilin Province, Henan Province, Hubei Province, Sichuan Province, Guangdong Province and Guangxi Autonomous Region. The aflatoxin content was determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Results A total of 197 peanuts were obtained and 115 were positive with the average concentration of 91.74 μg / kg. The positive rates of samples in Sichuan, Jilin, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hubei and Henan provinces were 53.12% (17/32) and 66.67 (22/33), 63.64% (21/33), 61.76% (21/34), 60.00% (21/35) and 43.33% (13/30) respectively. The average concentrations were 244.96, 136.74, 94.11 and 44.30 , 22.20 and 0.33 μg / kg, respectively. The positive rate and average concentration of AFB1 in the four toxins were the highest, 58.38% and 77.77 μg / kg, respectively. The positive rate and average concentration of AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2 were decreased in turn. Conclusions The aflatoxin contamination in peanut is relatively common. The samples in different areas of the survey have different levels of pollution. Among the four toxins, AFB1 is the main pollutant.