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目的探讨山东省急性乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)发病趋势和特征,为评价控制效果,制定乙肝综合防治措施提供参考。方法利用国家法定传染病信息报告系统2005~2012年山东省急性乙肝病例监测数据,采用描述流行病学方法,分析急性乙肝发病趋势和病例分布特征。结果 2005~2010年山东省急性乙肝报告发病率呈逐年下降趋势,从2005年的6.02/10万下降至2010年的2.11/10万;2010年后稳定在2/10万左右。病例季节分布不明显。各地区间发病率差异较大,威海市最高,为18.35/10万;泰安、聊城、菏泽三市2010~2012发病率呈上升趋势。病例以25~59岁为主,占全年病例的54.99%(2006年)~62.34%(2011年);0~14、15~24和40~49岁人群发病率呈逐年下降趋势,但2010年后25~39岁和60岁以上人群报告发病率呈上升趋势。农民发病率较高且其所占构成比呈逐年上升趋势。结论山东省急性乙肝发病逐年下降,应关注泰安、聊城、菏泽等发病率上升地区和25~39岁发病率上升人群。
Objective To explore the trend and characteristics of acute hepatitis B (hepatitis B) in Shandong Province and provide reference for evaluating the control effect and formulating comprehensive prevention and control measures for hepatitis B. Methods Using the monitoring data of acute hepatitis B cases in Shandong Province from 2005 to 2012 by the national legal infectious disease information reporting system, the descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the trend of acute hepatitis B and the distribution characteristics of cases. Results The incidence of acute hepatitis B in Shandong Province showed a decreasing trend year by year from 2005 to 2010, dropping from 6.02 / 100000 in 2005 to 2.11 / 100000 in 2010; and stabilized at about 2/100000 after 2010. The seasonal distribution of cases is not obvious. The prevalence varied greatly among different regions, with the highest in Weihai city at 18.35 / lakh; the incidence of Tai’an, Liaocheng and Heze in 2010 ~ 2012 was on the rise. The cases were mainly from 25 to 59 years old, accounting for 54.99% (2006) to 62.34% (2011) of the cases in the whole year. The incidence rates of 0-14, 15-24 and 40-49 years old were declining year by year, but 2010 Years after the 25 ~ 39 years old and over the age of 60 reported an upward trend in the incidence. The incidence of peasants is higher and the share of peasants is increasing year by year. Conclusion The incidence of acute hepatitis B in Shandong Province declines year by year. The incidence of Taihe, Liaocheng and Heze should be paid attention to and the prevalence of Taihe, Liaocheng and Heze should be increased.