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先入为主就是指先听进去的话或先获得的印象往往在头脑中占有主导地位，以后再遇到不同的意见时，就不容易接受。考生在做阅读理解题时当遇到一些与常识有关的选项时很容易先入为主，文章内容还没细读时就不假思索地选了这个选项。
[例1]Call up your parents and get them to send you some of your favourite childhood ornaments (装饰品) for your tree.
The author suggests giving a call to parents on Christmas mainly to ____________.
A. express love to them
B. ask for some ornaments
C. follow the tradition
D. set an example for children
[解析]这道题的答案是B。可是有很多考生选了A。这就犯了先入为主的错误，因为他们认为节日打电话给父母亲就是向父母表达他们的爱或问候。
[例2]Yesterday it was our final game with the Comets for the championship. Their pitcher(投球手) Matt Crenshaw was a mean kid who never liked Larry—he could never strike him out. As Matt passed our bench on the way to the pitcher’s mound (投球区), he shouted at Larry, “Why don’t you go back to Snow White where you belong?” I heard him and jumped up, ready to give Matt a lesson, when Larry stepped between us. “Cut it out!” he yelled, pushing me away from Matt. “I can fight for myself. Let’s play baseball, okay?”
Larry stopped the author from fighting with Matt because _________.
A. he could fight with Matt himself
B. he knew he had no connection with Snow White
C. he considered giving Matt a lesson in the game
D. he wanted the author to ignore what Matt said
[解析]有的考生选A或D，都是根据自己已有的常识去判断的，明显犯了先入为主的错误。事实上，从Larry的回答“Let’s play baseball, okay? ”可知，Larry清楚自己的实力，能够打败对方球队，以此来反击Matt对自己的侮辱，所以他阻止了作者，故选C。
那么如何防止先入为主的错误呢？
1. 避免想当然和经验主义，做题时要有耐心和细心。
2. 在遇到一些常识性的选项时要看能否在原文中找到依据，只有原文中有依据的才是正确答案。
请阅读下列文段，然后选择最佳选项。千万别先入为主，选错答案哟。
（１）
If you are a bird lover and have bird houses in your yard, it can be good to go the extra step: providing a bird bath. Once the birds in your neighborhood discover it, you will be surprised at how popular it becomes as they periodically stop by to take their daily bath.
1. What does the author further remind the readers of?
A. Birds tend to come near people living in a yard.
B. Everyone should love birds as much as possible.
C. Most birds enjoy living in the place which is near water.
D. It is helpful to provide a bird bath for the birds.
（2）
The weeklong camp is not cheap. It costs $1,300 for students who stay overnight and $800 for day students. But parents say they are willing to pay the high price to see their children learn about cutting-edge technology instead of sleeping away their summers.
This is the fifth summer Amy Rayburn has sent her son to the camp. This year, she spent nearly $3,000 to let him go for two weeks in a row.
“It really is worth it,” she said. “It gives him an academic and intellectual (智力的) way of channeling (疏导) his interest.”
When the company started 13 years ago, technology summer camps were not common. Now there’s a gap (空白) in the market for them, according to Karen Thurm Safran, the company’s vice president of marketing. The iPhone application class, she says, is in high demand (需求).
Ed Rayburn says the best part of the iD camp is that he can be with other people who are well-versed (熟练的) in gaming culture. “It’s like being in a school where everyone is friends,” he said.
2. What does Ed Rayburn in particular get out of the iD camp?
A. It has boosted his self-confidence.
B. It enables him to be with those who are into gaming.
C. It teaches him how to turn his interest into a career.
D. It enables him to improve his academic performance.
答案与解析
1. D。由 “Once the birds... daily bath.” 可知作者进一步提醒读者在家附近放置一个鸟儿用的浴盆，这对小鸟来说很有益，故选D，但有的同学误选了C。
2. B。由最后一段可知Ed Rayburn参加夏令营最大的收获就是可以与精通电脑游戏的人一起学习，故选D，但有的考生先入为主，误选了B或C。
(作者单位：深圳市宝安中学)
责任编校 蒋小青
[例1]Call up your parents and get them to send you some of your favourite childhood ornaments (装饰品) for your tree.
The author suggests giving a call to parents on Christmas mainly to ____________.
A. express love to them
B. ask for some ornaments
C. follow the tradition
D. set an example for children
[解析]这道题的答案是B。可是有很多考生选了A。这就犯了先入为主的错误，因为他们认为节日打电话给父母亲就是向父母表达他们的爱或问候。
[例2]Yesterday it was our final game with the Comets for the championship. Their pitcher(投球手) Matt Crenshaw was a mean kid who never liked Larry—he could never strike him out. As Matt passed our bench on the way to the pitcher’s mound (投球区), he shouted at Larry, “Why don’t you go back to Snow White where you belong?” I heard him and jumped up, ready to give Matt a lesson, when Larry stepped between us. “Cut it out!” he yelled, pushing me away from Matt. “I can fight for myself. Let’s play baseball, okay?”
Larry stopped the author from fighting with Matt because _________.
A. he could fight with Matt himself
B. he knew he had no connection with Snow White
C. he considered giving Matt a lesson in the game
D. he wanted the author to ignore what Matt said
[解析]有的考生选A或D，都是根据自己已有的常识去判断的，明显犯了先入为主的错误。事实上，从Larry的回答“Let’s play baseball, okay? ”可知，Larry清楚自己的实力，能够打败对方球队，以此来反击Matt对自己的侮辱，所以他阻止了作者，故选C。
那么如何防止先入为主的错误呢？
1. 避免想当然和经验主义，做题时要有耐心和细心。
2. 在遇到一些常识性的选项时要看能否在原文中找到依据，只有原文中有依据的才是正确答案。
请阅读下列文段，然后选择最佳选项。千万别先入为主，选错答案哟。
（１）
If you are a bird lover and have bird houses in your yard, it can be good to go the extra step: providing a bird bath. Once the birds in your neighborhood discover it, you will be surprised at how popular it becomes as they periodically stop by to take their daily bath.
1. What does the author further remind the readers of?
A. Birds tend to come near people living in a yard.
B. Everyone should love birds as much as possible.
C. Most birds enjoy living in the place which is near water.
D. It is helpful to provide a bird bath for the birds.
（2）
The weeklong camp is not cheap. It costs $1,300 for students who stay overnight and $800 for day students. But parents say they are willing to pay the high price to see their children learn about cutting-edge technology instead of sleeping away their summers.
This is the fifth summer Amy Rayburn has sent her son to the camp. This year, she spent nearly $3,000 to let him go for two weeks in a row.
“It really is worth it,” she said. “It gives him an academic and intellectual (智力的) way of channeling (疏导) his interest.”
When the company started 13 years ago, technology summer camps were not common. Now there’s a gap (空白) in the market for them, according to Karen Thurm Safran, the company’s vice president of marketing. The iPhone application class, she says, is in high demand (需求).
Ed Rayburn says the best part of the iD camp is that he can be with other people who are well-versed (熟练的) in gaming culture. “It’s like being in a school where everyone is friends,” he said.
2. What does Ed Rayburn in particular get out of the iD camp?
A. It has boosted his self-confidence.
B. It enables him to be with those who are into gaming.
C. It teaches him how to turn his interest into a career.
D. It enables him to improve his academic performance.
答案与解析
1. D。由 “Once the birds... daily bath.” 可知作者进一步提醒读者在家附近放置一个鸟儿用的浴盆，这对小鸟来说很有益，故选D，但有的同学误选了C。
2. B。由最后一段可知Ed Rayburn参加夏令营最大的收获就是可以与精通电脑游戏的人一起学习，故选D，但有的考生先入为主，误选了B或C。
(作者单位：深圳市宝安中学)
责任编校 蒋小青