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在英汉/汉英词典史上,长久以来多半是各自为政,双语单向,少有二者合而为一,双语双向。即使有,产品规模也不大,数量也不多,只能算聊备一格。然而,2010年末,牛津大学出版社和外语教学与研究出版社合作推出了《牛津英汉·汉英词典》(OxfordChinese Dictionary,以下略为OCD),号称是出版史上“规模最大、内容最权威的英汉·汉英双向词典”。同类中规模最大,殆无疑义,但内容是否最权威,则仍存在讨论的空间。令人遗憾的是,OCD的汉英部分主要是由外研社2003年的《新世纪汉英大词典》改编而成,因此仍然承袭了许多汉英词典习焉不察的问题与错误。“懂事”依旧传抄了未经辩证的sensible,不知mature and considerate来得更贴切。“眼屎”虽已弃其他汉英词典的gum(in the eyes)不用,却换汤不换药,改成了一样过时罕见的sand(in one’s eyes),不知sleep是个更常见的选择。“枸杞”还是沿用传统的Chinese wolfberry,却不知更时兴、更普及的goji berry早已通行英语世界,且为多本英语单语词典所收。“武侠”的英译仍在解释堆里兜圈,毫无意识到其音译wuxia早就登堂入室,成为牛津自家词典的一员。简言之,OCD汉英部分的英语对应词,似乎并没有比其他汉英词典来得高明。本文聚焦OCD的汉英部分,以英语词典中所收录的汉语词汇出发,回过头来检视这些英语里的“外来词”与OCD的互动,微观地探讨OCD词目英译的问题。结果显示,这部号称内容最权威的汉英词典,让人的期望高,给人的落差也大。
In the history of English-Chinese / Chinese-English dictionaries, most of them have long been acting their own way, bilingual and uni-directional, and few of them are united and bilingual. Even if there is no large-scale products, the number is not much, only chatting. However, at the end of 2010, Oxford University Press collaborated with the Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press to launch the Oxford Chinese Dictionary (OCD), which is known as the largest and most authoritative English-Chinese publishing history · Chinese-English two-way dictionary “. The largest in its class, almost no doubt, but the content is the most authoritative, there is still room for discussion. Regrettably, the Chinese-English part of OCD was mainly adapted from the ”New Century Chinese-English Dictionary“ of the Institute of Foreign Languages in 2003, and therefore still inherits many problems and mistakes that the Chinese-English dictionary does not observe. ”Sensible “ still copied the unscripted sensible, I do not know mature and considerate come more appropriate. Although ”gum“ in the eyes of the other Chinese-English dictionaries has been abandoned, it is replaced by the same outdated rare sand (in one’s eyes). I do not know sleep is a more common choice. ”Chinese wolfberry “ Or follow the traditional Chinese wolfberry, but I do not know more fashionable, more popular goji berry has access to the English-speaking world, and received for many English monolingual dictionary. ”Martial arts “ of the English translation is still explaining the heap, did not realize that its transliteration has long been Deng Tang Tang, a member of Oxford’s own dictionary. In short, the English counterparts in the OCD Chinese and English portions do not seem to be as clever as other Chinese-English dictionaries. This article focuses on the Chinese and English parts of OCD, starting with the Chinese words included in the English dictionary, looking back and examining the interaction of ”Loanwords" in these English with OCD and the micro - translation of OCD translation into English. The results show that this known as the most authoritative Chinese-English dictionary, people expect high, giving the gap is also large.