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为了研究植物油部分替代饲料中鱼油对大黄鱼(Larmichthys crocea)幼鱼生长、肌肉和肝脏总脂肪及脂肪酸的影响,以鱼油含量6%组(A组)为对照组,菜籽油替代16.67%(B组)、33.33%(C组)、50.00%(D组)、66.67%(E组)及混合植物油(棕榈油∶紫苏油∶菜籽油=3.6∶2.5∶1)替代66.67%(F组)鱼油为实验组,共6种等氮等能饲料饲养大黄鱼幼鱼[初重(0.65±0.11)g]50 d。结果表明,植物油处理组(B、C、D、E和F组)的终末体重、相对增重率、特定生长率与A组无显著性差异;C组,D组和E组的存活率显著低于A组;各处理组间饲料系数无显著性差异。植物油替代鱼油显著影响肌肉粗蛋白含量,A组的粗蛋白含量最低(58.9%±0.41%);各组粗灰分无显著性差异;植物油替代鱼油不影响肌肉与肝脏的总脂肪含量,但显著影响肌肉与肝脏的脂肪酸组成。随着菜籽油替代水平的提高,肌肉中18∶3n3以及肝脏中18∶1,18∶2n6,18∶3n3的绝对含量显著提高,而EPA和DHA绝对含量均显著下降。与相同水平的菜籽油替代组相比,混合植物油替代组肌肉中EPA、DHA以及肝脏中18∶3n3的绝对含量显著升高,而肝脏中EPA和DHA的绝对含量显著降低。研究表明,66.67%的菜籽油或者植物混合油替代鱼油饲养大黄鱼幼鱼6周不影响其生长但降低鱼体的脂肪酸营养价值。
In order to study the effects of partial replacement of vegetable oil on fish growth, muscle and liver total fat and fatty acid in Larmichthys crocea, fish oil content 6% (A group) was used as control group, rapeseed oil instead of 16.67% (F group B), 33.33% (group C), 50.00% (group D), 66.67% (group E) and mixed vegetable oil (palm oil: perilla oil: rapeseed oil = 3.6: 2.5: 1) Group) fish oil as the experimental group, a total of 6 kinds of nitrogen and other feed can feed large yellow croaker juvenile [initial weight (0.65 ± 0.11) g] 50 d. The results showed that the end body weight, relative weight gain rate and specific growth rate of vegetable oil treatment group (group B, C, D, E and F) had no significant difference with that of group A; the survival rate of group C, D, Significantly lower than the A group; feed conversion coefficient between the treatment groups no significant difference. The crude protein content of vegetable oil was significantly lower than that of fish oil (58.9% ± 0.41%). There was no significant difference between the groups in crude ash content. Vegetable oil instead of fish oil had no effect on the total fat content of muscle and liver, but significantly affected Muscle and liver fatty acid composition. With the improvement of rapeseed oil replacement level, the absolute content of 18:3 n3 in muscle and 18: 1, 18:2 n6, 18:3 n3 in liver increased significantly, but the absolute content of EPA and DHA decreased significantly. Compared with the same level of rapeseed oil substitute group, the absolute content of 18:3 n3 in the muscle of the mixed vegetable oil substitute group significantly increased, while the absolute content of EPA and DHA in the liver was significantly reduced. Studies have shown that 66.67% of rapeseed oil or plant mixed oil instead of fish oil feeding young yellow croaker 6 weeks does not affect their growth but reduce the nutritional value of fatty acids in fish.