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中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)属节肢动物门(Arthropoda)、甲壳纲(Crustaceae)、十足目(Decapoda)、方蟹科(Grapsidae)、绒螯蟹属(Eriocheir),自然分布于南至中国福建闽江(～26°N),北至朝鲜半岛(～45°N),西达离长江口约1400km的重庆,由于人为因素,广东珠江流域也有少量存在(图1)。图1为中华绒螯蟹在东亚种群分布状况。中华绒螯蟹原本是东亚的土著生物。但自20世纪初中华绒螯蟹已移居并繁衍于欧美大陆沿海,并在莱茵河河口地区和旧金山湾形成了数量可观的地方群体。图2为中华绒螯蟹在世界范围内的分布情况。
Eriocheir sinensis belongs to the genus Arthropoda, Crustaceae, Decapoda, Grapsidae and Eriocheir, naturally distributed in the south to Fujian Province of China The Minjiang River (~ 26 ° N), the North to the Korean Peninsula (~ 45 ° N), and the Xidatu Chongqing, about 1400 km from the Yangtze Estuary, are also present in small numbers due to human factors (Figure 1). Figure 1 shows the population distribution of Eriocheir sinensis in East Asia. Eriocheir sinensis was originally native to East Asia. However, since the early 20th century, Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) has migrated and multiply in the coastal areas of Europe and the United States and formed a considerable number of local communities in the Rhine estuarine region and San Francisco Bay. Figure 2 shows the distribution of Chinese mitten crab in the world.