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[目的]分析胎儿畸形发生类型及其危险因素,为该病防治提供依据。[方法]对2006年孕期检查发现胎儿畸形到临清市妇幼保健院引产的95例孕妇进行分析,并与216名正常待产妇,采用非条件Logistic回归方法分析影响畸形发生的危险因素。[结果]95例畸形胎儿中,无脑儿脊柱裂38例,脑积水18例,唇裂并腭裂15例,内脏畸形12例,先天性心脏病9例,其他3例。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果,引起胎儿畸形的危险因素有孕前后患有内科疾病、感冒发热、工作中接触有毒物质、妊娠前半年家庭装修或购置家具、妊娠合并症、孕期服用药物、感染病毒、工作有压力、与同事或家庭成员关系紧张,孕妇丈夫患有慢性病、工作中接触有毒物质、吸烟、饮酒;孕妇孕前检查、孕期增补叶酸是保护性因素。[结论]临清市胎儿畸形主要是无脑儿脊柱裂、脑积水、唇裂并腭裂和内脏畸形;引起畸形的危险因素包括孕妇及其丈夫的疾病、中毒及精神因素,孕前检查、孕期增补叶酸可降低胎儿畸形发生。
[Objective] To analyze the types and risk factors of fetal malformations and provide basis for the prevention and treatment of this disease. [Methods] A total of 95 pregnant women who had fetal malformations and induced labor in the MCH center of Linqing City in 2006 were analyzed, and 216 normal pregnant women were recruited. Non-conditional logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors affecting deformity. [Results] Among 95 malformation fetuses, there were 38 cases of anencephalic spina bifida, 18 cases of hydrocephalus, 15 cases of cleft lip and cleft palate, 12 cases of visceral malformation, 9 cases of congenital heart disease and 3 cases of the other. Multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for fetal malformations were pre-and post-pregnancy medical problems, cold and fever, exposure to toxic substances during work, home decoration or purchase of furniture during the first half of pregnancy, pregnancy complications, medication during pregnancy, , Work pressure, tension with colleagues or family members, pregnant women suffering from chronic diseases, exposure to toxic substances in work, smoking, drinking; pregnant women check before pregnancy, folic acid supplementation during pregnancy is a protective factor. [Conclusion] The fetal malformations in Linqing City are mainly anencephalic spina bifida, hydrocephalus, cleft lip and cleft palate and visceral malformations. The risk factors for deformity include the diseases of pregnant women and their husbands, the poisoning and mental factors, preconception examination, pregnancy supplement Folic acid can reduce fetal malformations.