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一、前言 煤炭不仅是热能的主要来源,而且在工业上用途极广,被誉为万能原料。随着世界产煤量的日益增长,煤炭运输在整个铁路货运量中占有相当比重,据统计:苏联铁路煤运占总货运量的25％;日本接近30％;美国20.5％;英国60％以上。解放以来,我国产煤量日益增长,铁路煤炭运输在总货运量中居于首位(65年占38.6％)。全路煤炭日装车数占总装车数的34％。
First, the preface Coal is not only the main source of heat, but also widely used in industry, known as the universal raw materials. As the world’s coal production continues to grow, coal transportation accounts for a significant proportion of the total railway freight traffic. According to the statistics, the coal freight transportation by the Soviet Union accounts for 25% of the total cargo traffic; Japan is nearly 30%; the United States 20.5%; the United Kingdom more than 60% . Since the liberation, the coal production in our country has been increasing day by day. The railway coal transportation ranks first in the total freight traffic (accounting for 38.6% of the total in 65 years). The total number of coal loading on the road accounted for 34% of the total number of vehicles.