肖老师: 您好! 请首先原谅一个陌生人的冒昧。从《文艺报》上得到你现在的单位,故决计写这封信,盼海涵。自从你在《人民日报》上发表《形散神不散》的大作后,许多评论、研究和讲解散文的同志,便相继以此论断为尺度和要求。但不知从何时开始(大概是1972年以后吧?),一些大中学校正式或非正式出版的有关教材中,却把您的观点作为对散文佳作的一种“要求”,当作散文的一大“特征”来谈论了,全国新编中学语文课本中也是这样讲的,有些论著、文章中还由此派生出诸如“形散神凝”、“形散神聚”、“形散神收”、“形散神圆”等说法。如果我对尊作理解不错的话,我以为您提出的“要求”是正确的,而以此作为“特点”却还值得讨论。因为您对“形”、“神”的理解主要是着眼于散文的结构笔法的灵活自由,而某些同志则理解成材料与主题的关系——若按后者,即任何作品都应做到“形散而神不散”,做到以形传神,形神兼备,这就无所谓散文的“特点”了。不知您的本意是不是这样,请简复数言,不吝赐教。 Teacher Xiao: Hello! Please forgive a stranger for the first time. Get your present unit from the “Wen Yi Bao”, so I decided to write this letter, hope sea han. Since you published the “Shape and Spirit” masterpiece in People’s Daily, many commentators, comrades who have studied and explained prose have successively taken this as the yardstick and requirement. However, I do not know when it will begin (probably after 1972?). Some textbooks, formally or informally published by large and medium-sized schools, use your point of view as a “requirement” for essay masterpieces and as an essay Big “feature” to talk about, the new middle school Chinese textbook is also said in this way, some treatises, the article also derived from such as “shape and scattered God condensate”, “scattered scattered God together” “,” Shaped Divine Circle “and other sayings. If I have a good understanding of respect, I think the ”request“ you put forward is correct, but using it as a ”feature“ is still worth discussing. Because your understanding of ”form“ and ”god“ mainly focuses on the freedom and flexibility of structural prose of essays, while some comrades understand the relationship between materials and topics - if you press the latter, any work should be done ”Shape and scattered but not scattered“, to be vivid, full of vitality, it does not matter the ”characteristics" of the prose. I do not know your intention is not the case, please concise a few words, educated us.