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目的:观察组合式吸入麻醉诱导（combined inhalation anesthesia induction，CIAI）装置吸入七氟醚在急诊儿童肱骨髁上骨折手法复位的应用效果。方法:本研究为对照试验。2015年7月至2020年5月于陆军第七十三集团军医院急诊科就诊的需行手法复位的儿童肱骨髁上骨折患儿81例，其中男42例、女39例，年龄2～5（3.24±1.71）岁。将患者分为CIAI组（42例）与对照组（39例）。CIAI组在行手法复位前采用CIAI装置吸入七氟醚2～5 ml/次，对照组则采用传统静脉注射丙泊酚3～4 mg/kg。统计并分析两组患儿手法复位前（T1）、手法复位时（T2）、患儿苏醒时（T3）的心率（HR）、血氧饱和度（SpOn 2）、平均动脉压（MAP）、Ramsay镇静评分、儿童疼痛行为量表（FLACC）评分、追加药物次数以及不良反应发生率等指标。采用Shapiro-Wiktest检验评估计量资料的正态性。正态分布的计量资料用（n xˉ±s）表示，组间比较采用独立样本n t检验。n 结果:T1时，两组MAP、HR、SpOn 2比较，差异无统计学意义（均n P>0.05）；与对照组［MAP（69.9±5.1）mmHg（1 mmHg=0.133 kPa）、（69.1±4.1）mmHg，HR（109.5±8.1）次/min、（103.9±6.3）次/min，SpOn 2（98.9±0.7）mmHg、（98.9±0.8）mmHg］相比，CIAI组T2、T3时MAP［（69.1±5.8）mmHg、（69.5±5.1）mmHg］、HR［（93.6±2.9）次/min、（95.6±5.6）次/min］、SpOn 2［（99.3±0.6）mmHg、（99.5±0.5）mmHg］波动较小（均n P0.05）。与对照组相比，CIAI组入睡慢［（38.2±10.3）s比（24.2±4.5）s，n P<0.05］，苏醒时间短［（5.8±1.9）min比（20.1±4.5）min，n P<0.05］，且躁动、口腔分泌物增多发生率及不良反应总发生率低于对照组（均n P0.05). The MAP, HR, and SpOn 2 at T2 and T3 were (69.9±5.1) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) and (69.1±4.1) mmHg, (109.5±8.1) beats/min and (103.9±6.3) beats/min, and (98.9±0.7) mmHg and (98.9±0.8) mmHg in the control group, and were (69.1±5.8) mmHg and (69.5±5.1) mmHg, (93.6±2.9) beats/min and (95.6±5.6) beats/min, and (99.3±0.6) mmHg and (99.5±0.5) mmHg in the CIAI group, with lower fluctuations in the CIAI group (all n P0.05). The CIAI group fell asleep slower and recovered faster than the control group [(38.2±10.3) s vs. (24.2±4.5) s and (5.8±1.9) min vs. (20.1±4.5) min; bothn P<0.05]. The incidences of restlessness and increased oral secretion and the total incidence of adverse reactions in the CIAI group were lower than those in the control group (alln P<0.05).n Conclusion:Compared with the traditional intravenous administration of propofol, the inhalation of sevoflurane by the combined inhalation anesthesia induction device in children with humeral supracondylar fracture in the operation room has ideal clinical outcomes. It is more humanized in the application process, with ideal safety, more convenience, high comfort, low cost, and fewer adverse reactions. Therefore, it is suitable for further clinical application and promotion.